{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T23:49:40Z","timestamp":1791589780764,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic> Lam. leaf is not only a new food resource in China, but also a traditional medicinal plant. It is commonly used in the folk to alleviate constipation, but its laxative mechanism is not fully understood. Hence we investigated it in loperamide-induced functional constipation (FC) mice. The results showed that MOAE significantly regulated not only gastrointestinal hormones and neurotransmitters in serum but also important gastrointestinal motility factors in the enteric nervous system (ENS)-interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs)-smooth muscle cell (SMC) network. Meanwhile, MOAE attenuated intestinal inflammation, increased cecal short-chain fatty acid levels and colonic antimicrobial peptide expression, and improved the impaired intestinal barrier function in loperamide-induced FC mice. In addition, MOAE also increased fecal water content by inhibiting the mRNA expression of colonic aquaporins (<jats:italic>Aqp3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Aqp4<\/jats:italic>) in FC mice. Interestingly and importantly, MOAE affected the intestinal microbiota by inhibiting some key \u201cconstipation-causing\u201d microbiota, such as Bacteroidaceae, Clostridiaceae, <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Ruminococcus<\/jats:italic>, and promoting the growth of other important \u201cconstipation-curing\u201d microbiota, such as <jats:italic>Butyricoccus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Tyzzerella<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Desulfovibrio<\/jats:italic>. These important taxa are significantly associated with a variety of indicators of constipation. These findings suggest that MOAE can promote defecation through its rich chemical composition to modulate the ENS-ICCs-SMCs network and the gut microecosystem.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1315402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T08:33:01Z","timestamp":1703061181000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Moringa oleifera leaf alleviates functional constipation via regulating the gut microbiota and the enteric nervous system in mice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sijin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18419","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.18419","article-title":"Efficacy of natural formulation containing activated charcoal, calcium Sennosides, peppermint oil, fennel oil, rhubarb extract, and purified sulfur (Nucarb\u00ae) in relieving constipation","volume":"13","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00111-4","article-title":"Global prevalence of functional constipation according to the Rome criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Barberio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.05.004","article-title":"Gut microbiota-produced tryptamine activates an epithelial G-protein-coupled receptor to increase colonic secretion","volume":"23","author":"Bhattarai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291x(91)91274-g","article-title":"Endogenous nitric oxide modulates morphine-induced constipation","volume":"181","author":"Calignano","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5621","DOI":"10.1039\/d0fo02969f","article-title":"The protective effects of yellow tea extract against loperamide-induced constipation in mice","volume":"12","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"203","article-title":"The gut-brain axis: interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems","volume":"28","author":"Carabotti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e03804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e03804","article-title":"Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 lyophilized powder improves loperamide-induced constipation in rats","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10010014","article-title":"Effects of Allium mongolicum regel and its flavonoids on constipation","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomol. Ther."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650789","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.650789","article-title":"Dysbiosis of fecal microbiota from complement 3 knockout mice with constipation phenotypes contributes to development of defecation delay","volume":"12","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11091187","article-title":"Metagenomic analysis of the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on the fecal microbiota structure in mice","volume":"11","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4914","DOI":"10.1039\/d1fo04204a","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of mixed Lactobacillus plantarum on lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury in mice","volume":"13","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2019.02.018","article-title":"Time to treatment response of a magnesium-and sulphate-rich natural mineral water in functional constipation","volume":"65","author":"Dupont","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303611","article-title":"Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"62","author":"Eeckhaut","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2018.313","article-title":"Investigating of Moringa Oleifera role on gut microbiota composition and inflammation associated with obesity following high fat diet feeding","volume":"6","author":"Elabd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Access Maced J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2015.05.001","article-title":"Dietary phenylalanine-improved intestinal barrier health in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is associated with increased immune status and regulated gene expression of cytokines, tight junction proteins, antioxidant enzymes and related signalling molecules","volume":"45","author":"Feng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm18071","article-title":"Role of gut microbiota-gut hormone Axis in the pathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"24","author":"Fukui","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1269","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00442.2002","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids stimulate colonic transit via intraluminal 5-HT release in rats","volume":"284","author":"Fukumoto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00391","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00391-20","article-title":"Correlations between \u03b1-linolenic acid-improved multitissue homeostasis and gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet","volume":"5","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048134","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1048134","article-title":"Underlying beneficial effects of rhubarb on constipation-induced inflammation, disorder of gut microbiome and metabolism","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017804","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1017804","article-title":"Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf aqueous extract ameliorates loperamide-induced constipation in mice by promoting gastrointestinal motility and regulating the gut microbiota","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5115","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-017-8233-5","article-title":"Metabolic adaptation to the aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera Lam.-supplemented diet is related to the modulation of gut microbiota in mice","volume":"101","author":"Gao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.6.1693S","article-title":"Adverse gastrointestinal effects of arginine and related amino acids","volume":"137","author":"Grimble","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2019-0283","article-title":"The composition of intestinal microbiota and its association with functional constipation of the elderly patients","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2019.110715","article-title":"Amelioration of gut dysbiosis and gastrointestinal motility by konjac oligo-glucomannan on loperamide-induced constipation in mice","volume":"73","author":"Hayeeawaema","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2021.1930874","article-title":"Desulfovibrio vulgaris, a potent acetic acid-producing bacterium, attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice","volume":"13","author":"Hong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104158","article-title":"Bacteroides ovatus colonization influences the abundance of intestinal short chain fatty acids and neurotransmitters","volume":"25","author":"Horvath","year":"2022","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7191","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087191","article-title":"Flavonoids in Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemarie ameliorate Loperamide-induced constipation in mice by regulating gut microbiota and related metabolites","volume":"24","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118761","article-title":"Bamboo shavings derived O-acetylated xylan alleviates loperamide-induced constipation in mice","volume":"276","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58050635","article-title":"Successful conversion from conventional potassium binder to sodium zirconium Cyclosilicate in a patient with refractory constipation","volume":"58","author":"Imamura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109316","article-title":"Effect of Durio zibethinus rind polysaccharide on functional constipation and intestinal microbiota in rats","volume":"136","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.11.007","article-title":"Microbial modulation of the development and physiology of the enteric nervous system","volume":"29","author":"Joly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"345","article-title":"Effect of acute and chronic administration of L-arginine on morphine induced inhibition of gastrointestinal motility","volume":"44","author":"Karan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2011.07.001","article-title":"Gut memories: towards a cognitive neurobiology of irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Kennedy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.115897","article-title":"Structural characterization and immune enhancement activity of a novel polysaccharide from Moringa oleifera leaves","volume":"234","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033069","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1033069","article-title":"Cannabis sativa L. alleviates loperamide-induced constipation by modulating the composition of gut microbiota in mice","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114644","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of Moringa oleifera leaves on constipation mice based on pharmacodynamics and serum metabonomics","volume":"282","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.7501\/j.issn.1674-6376.2019.07.006","article-title":"Influence of Moringa oleifera and Moringa oleifera purgative compound on improving defecation and gastrointestinal hormones in constipated rats","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Res."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861588","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.861588","article-title":"Crude polysaccharide extracted from Moringa oleifera leaves prevents obesity in association with modulating gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9683","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1145-09.2009","article-title":"5-HT4 receptor-mediated neuroprotection and neurogenesis in the enteric nervous system of adult mice","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.11.013","article-title":"Zengye decoction induces alterations to metabolically active gut microbiota in aged constipated rats","volume":"109","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113056","article-title":"Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) alleviates constipation and intestinal inflammation in mice induced by Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"260","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.209","article-title":"Polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis ameliorates diphenoxylate-induced constipation symptoms in mice","volume":"133","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154100","article-title":"Xuanfei Baidu decoction attenuates intestinal disorders by modulating NF-\u03baB pathway, regulating T cell immunity and improving intestinal microbiota","volume":"101","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055791","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.1055791","article-title":"Moringa oleifera leaf polysaccharide alleviates experimental colitis by inhibiting inflammation and maintaining intestinal barrier","volume":"9","author":"Mohamed Husien","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020421","article-title":"Magnesium oxide in constipation","volume":"13","author":"Mori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106163","article-title":"Rutin ameliorates inflammation and improves metabolic function: a comprehensive analysis of scientific literature","volume":"178","author":"Muvhulawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00439","article-title":"Evolution of the gut microbiome in early childhood: a cross-sectional study of Chinese children","volume":"11","author":"Niu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3704","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14183704","article-title":"Crosstalk between the gut microbiome and colonic motility in chronic constipation: potential mechanisms and microbiota modulation","volume":"14","author":"Pan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1753165","article-title":"Absorption, metabolism, and bioactivity of vitexin: recent advances in understanding the efficacy of an important nutraceutical","volume":"61","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.2002.00364.x","article-title":"Effect of lipopolysaccharide on rabbit small intestine muscle contractility in vitro: role of prostaglandins","volume":"14","author":"Rebollar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9794625","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9794625","article-title":"Astragalin: a bioactive phytochemical with potential therapeutic activities","volume":"2018","author":"Riaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S1098-612X(03)00002-0","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids stimulate feline colonic smooth muscle contraction","volume":"5","author":"Rondeau","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00465","article-title":"Traditional uses, pharmacological efficacy, and Phytochemistry of Moringa peregrina (Forssk.)","volume":"9","author":"Senthilkumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-021-01613-y","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids and colon motility in a mouse model of irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Shaidullov","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"33","article-title":"Depression symptoms and inflammation in chronic functional constipation patients","volume":"55","author":"Shatri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Med. Indones."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2128605","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2128605","article-title":"Gut bacterial aromatic amine production: aromatic amino acid decarboxylase and its effects on peripheral serotonin production","volume":"14","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.108590","article-title":"A potential species of next-generation probiotics? The dark and light sides of Bacteroides fragilis in health","volume":"126","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3026","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-020-06500-2","article-title":"Analysis of gut microbiome and metabolite characteristics in patients with slow transit constipation","volume":"66","author":"Tian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.100","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of microbiome, metabolome and transcriptome revealed the mechanisms of Moringa oleifera polysaccharide on preventing ulcerative colitis","volume":"222","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628482096842","DOI":"10.1177\/1756284820968423","article-title":"Potential role of fecal microbiota in patients with constipation","volume":"13","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/s0047-6374(01)00217-2","article-title":"Effects of L-phenylalanine on acetylcholinesterase and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activities in adult and aged rat brain","volume":"122","author":"Tsakiris","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-1998-11-1219","article-title":"L-phenylalanine effect on rat diaphragm acetylcholinesterase and Na+, K(+)-ATPase","volume":"53","author":"Tsakiris","year":"1998","journal-title":"Z. Naturforsch. C. J. Biosci."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05342-8","article-title":"Effectiveness of an herbaceous derivatives, PHGG, plus sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of chronic constipation in patients with Parkinson's disease: a pilot study","volume":"43","author":"Vacca","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2014.03.018","article-title":"Isoquercitrin: pharmacology, toxicology, and metabolism","volume":"68","author":"Valentov\u00e1","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2019.12.003","article-title":"Good gone bad: one toxin away from disease for Bacteroides fragilis","volume":"432","author":"Valguarnera","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0222-y","article-title":"Management of functional constipation in children and adults","volume":"17","author":"Vriesman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1039\/c7fo00031f","article-title":"Effects of different oligosaccharides at various dosages on the composition of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in mice with constipation","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01953","article-title":"Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum promotes intestinal barrier function by strengthening the epithelium and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104784","article-title":"Probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharide intervention modulate the microbiota-gut brain axis to improve autism spectrum reducing also the hyper-serotonergic state and the dopamine metabolism disorder","volume":"157","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2021.112305","article-title":"The effect of microbial composition and proteomic on improvement of functional constipation by Chrysanthemum morifolium polysaccharide","volume":"153","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15071779","article-title":"Characteristics of the gut microbiome and serum metabolome in patients with functional constipation","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00423","article-title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains relieve Loperamide-induced constipation via different pathways independent of short-chain fatty acids","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12040854","article-title":"Bidirectional effects of Mao Jian green tea and its flavonoid glycosides on gastrointestinal motility","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2018.05.022","article-title":"Phenylalanine and tryptophan stimulate gastrin and somatostatin secretion and H+-K+-ATPase activity in pigs through calcium-sensing receptor","volume":"267","author":"Xian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.09.014","article-title":"Antipsychotic-induced gastrointestinal hypomotility and the alteration in gut microbiota in patients with schizophrenia","volume":"99","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018008","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1018008","article-title":"Integrated metagenomics and targeted-metabolomics analysis of the effects of phenylalanine on loperamide-induced constipation in rats","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.02.047","article-title":"Indigenous bacteria from the gut microbiota regulate host serotonin biosynthesis","volume":"161","author":"Yano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628482311541","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848231154101","article-title":"Characteristics of fecal microbiota in different constipation subtypes and association with colon physiology, lifestyle factors, and psychological status","volume":"16","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2022.11.006","article-title":"Ruminococcus gnavus plays a pathogenic role in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by increasing serotonin biosynthesis","volume":"31","author":"Zhai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6634","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.2611","article-title":"Association of dietary magnesium intake with chronic constipation among US adults: evidence from the National Health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11112251","article-title":"Dietary L-arginine or N-Carbamylglutamate alleviates colonic barrier injury, oxidative stress, and inflammation by modulation of intestinal microbiota in intrauterine growth-retarded suckling lambs","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-022-02629-8","article-title":"Association between dietary phosphorus intake and chronic constipation in adults: evidence from the National Health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"23","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964257","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.964257","article-title":"Efficacy of Bacillus coagulans BC01 on loperamide hydrochloride-induced constipation model in Kunming mice","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4615","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S326416","article-title":"The effect of Shaoyao Gancao decoction on sphincter of Oddi dysfunction in Hypercholesterolemic rabbits via protecting the enteric nervous system-interstitial cells of Cajal-smooth muscle cells network","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00082.2014","article-title":"Structural changes in the gut microbiome of constipated patients","volume":"46","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol. Genomics"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2703083","article-title":"Arginine promotes the expression of Aquaporin-3 and water transport in porcine Trophectoderm cells through NO-and cAMP-dependent mechanisms","volume":"27","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Biosci (Landmark Ed)"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1315402\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]],"date-time":"2023-12-20T08:33:08Z","timestamp":1703061188000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1315402\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]]},"references-count":86,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1315402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1315402","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,20]]},"article-number":"1315402"}}