{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T20:43:51Z","timestamp":1783802631486,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increasing evidence has suggested that alterations in the gut microbiome are correlated with autoimmune neurologic disorders, yet the causal relationship between them has yet to be established.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From the published genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics, we obtained data on the gut microbiota and three autoimmune neurologic disorders (Multiple Sclerosis, Guillain-Barr\u00e9 Syndrome, and Myasthenia Gravis). We then implemented a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) to determine the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and the diseases. To validate the results, we conducted a series of sensitivity analyses. Finally, to verify the direction of causality, a reverse-causality analysis was done.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We discovered that a higher relative abundance of the genus <jats:italic>Ruminococcus2<\/jats:italic> (OR: 1.213, 95% CI: 1.006\u20131.462, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.043, P<jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.048) and the genus <jats:italic>Roseburia<\/jats:italic> (OR: 1.255, 95% CI: 1.012\u20131.556, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.038, P<jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.048) were associated with a higher risk of MS. Furthermore, the higher the abundance of the class <jats:italic>Mollicutes<\/jats:italic> (OR: 3.016, 95% CI: 1.228\u20137.411, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016, P<jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.021), the genus <jats:italic>Eubacterium (hallii group)<\/jats:italic> (OR: 2.787, 95% CI: 1.140\u20136.816, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.025, P<jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.025), and the phylum <jats:italic>Tenericutes<\/jats:italic> (OR: 3.016, 95% CI: 1.228\u20137.411, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016, P<jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.021) was linked to a greater probability of GBS. Additionally, the higher the abundance of the genus <jats:italic>Ruminococcaceae UCG005<\/jats:italic> (OR: 2.450, 95% CI: 1.072\u20135.598, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.034, P<jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.036), the genus <jats:italic>Holdemania<\/jats:italic> (OR: 2.437, 95% CI: 1.215\u20134.888, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012, P<jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.024), genus <jats:italic>Lachnoclostridium<\/jats:italic> (OR: 3.681, 95% CI: 1.288\u201310.521, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015, P<jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.025) and the genus <jats:italic>Eubacterium (ruminantium group)<\/jats:italic> (OR: 2.157, 95% CI: 1.211\u20133.843, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003, P<jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.016) correlated with a greater chance of MG occurrence. No SNPs were identified as outliers through sensitivity analysis. Then, the results of the reverse MR analysis did not indicate any reverse causality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings demonstrate a causal relationship between the gut microbiota and three autoimmune neurologic disorders, providing novel insights into the mechanisms of these autoimmune neurologic disorders that are mediated by gut microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1337632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]],"date-time":"2024-04-24T04:22:35Z","timestamp":1713932555000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gut microbiota and autoimmune neurologic disorders: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chamou","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1086\/513783","article-title":"Association between Campylobacter infection and Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome","volume":"176","author":"Allos","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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