{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T07:44:40Z","timestamp":1790754280575,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Cutibacterium granulosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a commensal bacterium found on human skin, formerly known as\n                    <jats:italic>Propionibacterium granulosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , rarely causes infections and is generally considered non-pathogenic. Recent research has revealed the transferability of the multidrug-resistant plasmid pTZC1 between\n                    <jats:italic>C. granulosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Cutibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the latter being an opportunistic pathogen in surgical site infections. However, there is a noticeable lack of research on the genome of\n                    <jats:italic>C. granulosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and the genetic landscape of this species remains largely uncharted. We investigated the genomic features and evolutionary structure of\n                    <jats:italic>C. granulosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    by analyzing a total of 30 Metagenome-Assembled Genomes (MAGs) and isolate genomes retrieved from public databases, as well as those generated in this study. A pan-genome of 6,077 genes was identified for\n                    <jats:italic>C. granulosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Remarkably, the \u2018cloud genes\u2019 constituted 62.38% of the pan-genome. Genes associated with mobilome: prophages, transposons [X], defense mechanisms [V] and replication, recombination and repair [L] were enriched in the cloud genome. Phylogenomic analysis revealed two distinct mono-clades, highlighting the genomic diversity of\n                    <jats:italic>C. granulosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The genomic diversity was further confirmed by the distribution of Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) values. The functional profiles analysis of\n                    <jats:italic>C. granulosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    unveiled a wide range of potential Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) and virulence factors, suggesting its potential tolerance to various environmental challenges. Subtype I-E of the CRISPR-Cas system was the most abundant in these genomes, a feature also detected in\n                    <jats:italic>C. acnes<\/jats:italic>\n                    genomes. Given the widespread distribution of\n                    <jats:italic>C. granulosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains within skin microbiome, our findings make a substantial contribution to our broader understanding of the genetic diversity, which may open new avenues for investigating the mechanisms and treatment of conditions such as acne vulgaris.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1343227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T23:43:14Z","timestamp":1705448594000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparative genomic analyses of Cutibacterium granulosum provide insights into genomic diversity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Peishan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaojing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoye","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D690","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac920","article-title":"CARD 2023: expanded curation, support for machine learning, and resistome prediction at the comprehensive antibiotic resistance database","volume":"51","author":"Alcock","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000875","article-title":"Transconjugation of erm(X) conferring high-level resistance of clindamycin for Cutibacterium acnes","volume":"68","author":"Aoki","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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