{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T17:42:57Z","timestamp":1783791777040,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The characteristic of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is its susceptibility to erroneous replication and recombination, which plays a crucial role in the diverse and dynamic variation of HIV-1. The spread of different subtypes in the same population often leads to the emergence of circulating recombination forms (CRFs). At present, the main recombinant subtypes of HIV-1 in China are CRF07_BC, CRF01_AE, CRF08_BC and B\u2032 subtypes, while CRF55_01B has become the fifth major epidemic strain in China after rapid growth in recent years since it was first reported in 2013. In this study, we obtained five nearly full-length genomes (NFLGs) and one half-length genome from five different cities in Guangdong. Here, we focused on analyzing their characteristics, parental origin and drug resistance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma samples were collected from six HIV-1 infected patients in Guangdong Province who had no epidemiological association with each other. The NFLGs of HIV-1 were amplified in two overlapping segments by the near-terminal dilution method. The positive products were sequenced directly to obtain genomic sequences. The recombinant patterns and breakpoints of the NFLGs were determined using the Simplot software and confirmed by the maximum likelihood trees for segments using the IQ-TREE and BEAST software. The genotypic resistance profiles of the protease reverse transcriptase and integrase were resolved by the Stanford HIV drug resistance database.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The six genomes shared highly similar recombinant pattern, with the CRF55_01B backbone substituted by CRF07_BC segments, therefore assigned as CRF156_0755. The evolutionary analysis of the segments showed that CRF07_BC segments were not clustered with the Chinese MSM variants in the CRF07_BC lineage. All the five NFLGs were identified with the non-nucleoside reverse-transcription inhibitors (NNRTIs) resistance mutation V179E.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>With the accumulation and evolution of recombination between CRF55_01B and CRF 07_BC, the prevalence of more recombinant strains of CRF55_01B and CRF 07_BC may occur. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the identification and monitoring of the recombination of CRF55_01B and CRF 07_BC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1387720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T04:27:56Z","timestamp":1714710476000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Molecular genetic characterization analysis of a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF156_0755) in Guangdong, China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yaqing","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianglong","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruolei","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingfeng","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengyu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linghua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19279","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19279","article-title":"Geographic origin and evolutionary history of China\u2019s two predominant HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC","volume":"6","author":"Feng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.1978822","article-title":"HIV-1 CRF07_BC transmission dynamics in China: two decades of national molecular surveillance","volume":"10","author":"Ge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3209","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25741","article-title":"HIV-1 genetic diversity and transmitted drug resistance among newly diagnosed HIV-1 individuals in Jiangmen, China","volume":"92","author":"Guan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2019.0141","article-title":"Genetic characterization of a novel HIV-1 CRF07_BC\/CRF55_01B recombinant form identified in Jiangmen, China","volume":"36","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retrovir."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e772","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(20)30252-6","article-title":"Global and regional epidemiology of HIV-1 recombinants in 1990\u20132015: a systematic review and global survey","volume":"7","author":"Hemelaar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2016.0162","article-title":"Near full-length genomic sequences of two novel HIV-1 recombinant forms identified in Shenzhen, China","volume":"33","author":"Jia","year":"2017","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retrovir."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-021-01653-6","article-title":"Transmitted drug resistance and transmission clusters among HIV-1 treatment-na\u00efve patients in Guangdong, China: a cross-sectional study","volume":"18","author":"Lan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Virol. 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Retrovir."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0175770","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175770","article-title":"Characterization of a novel HIV-1 unique recombinant form between CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B in men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2020.0255","article-title":"Characteristics of four novel recombinant strains from the backbone of CRF55_01B and CRF65_cpx in Beijing by near full-length genome","volume":"37","author":"Yao","year":"2021","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retrovir."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5098","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61870-x","article-title":"Tracing the transmission dynamics of HIV-1 CRF55_01B","volume":"10","author":"Zai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1387720\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]],"date-time":"2024-05-03T04:28:01Z","timestamp":1714710481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1387720\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1387720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1387720","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"article-number":"1387720"}}