{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T12:22:00Z","timestamp":1781871720091,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rising prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic> species (spp.) poses a significant threat to human and animal health and environmental safety. To address this pressing issue, a comprehensive study was undertaken to elucidate the burden and dissemination mechanisms of ESBL-<jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic> spp. in dairy cattle farms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty-seven <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic> species were isolated on CHROMagar\u2122 ESBL plates and confirmed with MADLI-TOF MS and whole genome sequenced from 14 dairy farms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six families of beta-lactamase (<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>) (<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTX\u2212M<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>SHV<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>OXY<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>OXA,<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>SED<\/jats:sub>) were detected in ESBL-<jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic> spp. genomes. Most (73%) of isolates had the first three types of beta-lactamase genes, with <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>SHV<\/jats:sub> being the most frequent, followed by <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTX\u2212M<\/jats:sub>. Most (93%) isolates harbored two or more bla genes. The isolates were genotypically MDR, with 26 distinct types of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and point mutations in <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>gyrB<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>parC<\/jats:italic> genes. The genomes also harbored 22 different plasmid replicon types, including three novel IncFII. The IncFII and Col440I plasmids were the most frequent and were associated with <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTXM\u221227<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>qnrB19<\/jats:italic> genes, respectively. Eighteen distinct sequence types (STs), including eight isolates with novel STs of <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, were detected. The most frequently occurring STs were ST353 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 8), ST469 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6), and the novel ST7501 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6). Clusters of ESBL-<jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic> strains with identical STs, plasmids, and ARGs were detected in multiple farms, suggesting possible clonal expansion. The same ESBL variant was linked to identical plasmids in different <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic> STs in some farms, suggesting horizontal spread of the resistance gene. The high burden and dual spread mechanism of ESBL genes in <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic> species, combined with the emergence of novel sequence types, could swiftly increase the prevalence of ESBL-<jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic> spp., posing significant risks to human, animal, and environmental health. Immediate action is needed to implement rigorous surveillance and control measures to mitigate this risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1439363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T04:25:31Z","timestamp":1727151931000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing-Klebsiella species in East Tennessee dairy cattle farms"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Benti D.","family":"Gelalcha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruwaa I.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aga Edema","family":"Gelgie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oudessa","family":"Kerro Dego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2430","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02430-17","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of dairy cattle-associated Escherichia coli carrying blaCTX-M genes in washington state.","volume":"84","author":"Afema","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. 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