{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:23:31Z","timestamp":1792790611520,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Bordetella bronchiseptica<\/jats:italic> is bacterial pathogen that is pervasive in swine populations and serves multiple roles in respiratory disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study utilized whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis to assess the sequence type (ST), identify the genetic diversity of genes predicted to encode regulatory and virulence factors, and evaluated any potential antimicrobial resistance harbored by <jats:italic>B. bronchiseptica<\/jats:italic> isolates obtained from swine within the U.S.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>While a generally high degree of genomic conservation was observed among the swine <jats:italic>B. bronchiseptica<\/jats:italic> isolates, genetic diversity was identified within the <jats:italic>fimNX<\/jats:italic> locus and among the sequence type six (ST6) isolates. The majority of <jats:italic>B. bronchiseptica<\/jats:italic> isolates exhibited phenotypic resistance to four antibiotic classes, however, only three antimicrobial resistance genes were identified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combined the data suggests that <jats:italic>B. bronchiseptica<\/jats:italic> isolates are not serving as a source of antimicrobial resistance gene transference in the swine production environment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1501373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T06:34:23Z","timestamp":1732775663000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparative analysis of antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity of Bordetella bronchiseptica isolates obtained from swine within the United States"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Tracy L.","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Shore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90515-4","article-title":"Ectopic expression of the flagellar regulon alters development of the Bordetella-host interaction","volume":"80","author":"Akerley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389","article-title":"Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs","volume":"25","author":"Altschul","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2012.0021","article-title":"SPAdes: a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing","volume":"19","author":"Bankevich","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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