{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T14:01:33Z","timestamp":1784901693997,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder that can affect quality of life. Probiotics have garnered substantial attention for their potential to alleviate constipation. This study investigates the preventive effects of <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium animalis<\/jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>lactis<\/jats:italic> TG11 on loperamide-induced constipation in mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mice were randomly assigned to normal control (NC), constipation model (CM), and low, medium, and high-dose TG11 treatment groups (LG, MG, HG). From days 1\u201314, LG, MG, and HG groups received 10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>, 10<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>, and 10<jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup> CFU\/mouse of TG11, respectively, while NC and CM groups received saline. On day 14, all groups except NC were administered loperamide (4 mg\/kg) orally to induce constipation. Fecal samples were collected for short-chain fatty acid and gut microbiota analyses. Following a 16-hour fasting period, various parameters were assessed on day 15, including intestinal motility, fecal water content, defecation status, gut peptide levels in blood, and mRNA expression levels of <jats:italic>SCF<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>c-kit<\/jats:italic> in colonic tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>TG11 significantly enhanced intestinal motility and maintained fecal water content. It normalized blood levels of MTL, SP, SS, ET-1, Gas, and VIP in constipated mice, promoted short-chain fatty acid production, and improved microbial metabolism. TG11 markedly upregulated mRNA expression of <jats:italic>SCF<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>c-kit<\/jats:italic> in colonic tissue. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that TG11 modulated gut microbiota composition, increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, particularly <jats:italic>Muribaculum<\/jats:italic>_sp. and <jats:italic>uncultured_Duncaniella<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Bifidobacterium animalis<\/jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>lactis<\/jats:italic> TG11 demonstrates efficacy in ameliorating constipation, potentially through modulation of the gut microbiota composition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1525887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T06:53:25Z","timestamp":1738133605000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis TG11 ameliorates loperamide-induced constipation in mice by modulating gut microbiota"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Diet and chronic constipation. 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