{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T05:09:33Z","timestamp":1793336973760,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":303,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n , or group B\n Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n (GBS), is a significant pathogen associated with severe infections in neonates, particularly sepsis and meningitis. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance among GBS strains is a growing public health concern, necessitating a comprehensive meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of this resistance globally.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We conducted a comprehensive systematic search across four major scientific databases: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE, targeting articles published until December 13, 2023. This meta-analysis focused on studies that examined antibiotic resistance in GBS strains. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was employed to assess the quality of the included studies. This meta-analysis applied a random-effects model to synthesize data on antibiotic resistance in GBS, incorporating subgroup analyses and regression techniques to explore heterogeneity and trends in resistance rates over time. Outliers and influential studies were identified using statistical methods such as Cook\u2019s distance, and funnel plot asymmetry was assessed to evaluate potential publication bias. All analyses were conducted using R software (version 4.2.1) and the metafor package (version 3.8.1).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n This study included 266 studies from 57 countries, revealing significant variability in GBS antibiotic resistance rates. The highest resistance rates were observed for tetracycline (80.1, 95% CI: 77.1\u201382.8%), while tedizolid (0.1, 95% CI: 0.0\u20130.8%) showed the lowest resistance rates. Significant heterogeneity in resistance rates was observed, particularly for antibiotics such as azithromycin and gentamicin (\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u202f=\u202f97.29%), variability across studies. On the other hand, tigecycline and ceftaroline exhibited no heterogeneity (\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u202f=\u202f0%), suggesting consistent resistance patterns. Subgroup analyses revealed disparities in resistance rates based on country, continent, and methodological categories. Significant increase in resistance rates for several antibiotics over time, including clindamycin, erythromycin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, chloramphenicol, and ofloxacin. Ofloxacin and cefuroxime showed particularly steep trends. Conversely, a declining resistance trend was observed for oxacillin.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n This study emphasizes the growing issue of antibiotic resistance in GBS strains. Notable resistance to older and newer antibiotics, increasing resistance over time, regional disparities, and methodological variations are noted. Rising resistance trends for multiple antibiotics underscore the urgent need for global surveillance and improved antibiotic stewardship.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n \n https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD42024566269<\/jats:uri>\n , CRD42024566269.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1541524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T01:28:57Z","timestamp":1744766937000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Global patterns of antibiotic resistance in group B Streptococcus: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Chou-Yi","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safoura","family":"Moradkasani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muath","family":"Suliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subasini","family":"Uthirapathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Hussein","family":"Zwamel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Hjazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghav","family":"Vashishth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Beig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.24248\/eahrj.v2i1.560","article-title":"Prevalence, aetiological agents, and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of bacterial meningitis among children receiving care at KCMC referral hospital in Tanzania","volume":"2","author":"Abdallah","year":"2018","journal-title":"East Afr. Health Res. J."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.30699\/ijp.2023.559137.2943","article-title":"Virulence determinants, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance of rectovaginal isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae","volume":"18","author":"Abotorabi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9010001","article-title":"Evaluation of the results of group B Streptococcus screening by MALDI-TOF MS among pregnant women in a Hungarian hospital","volume":"9","author":"\u00c1br\u00f3k","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1080\/09674845.2015.11666810","article-title":"Asymptomatic group B streptococcal bacteriuria among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia","volume":"72","author":"Ahmad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"7","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in a globalized world: current challenges and future perspectives","volume":"1","author":"Aijaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Drug Des."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2022.03.010","article-title":"Colonization of Streptococcus agalactiae among pregnant patients in Trinidad and Tobago","volume":"3","author":"Akpaka","year":"2022","journal-title":"IJID Reg."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.21608\/bfsa.2022.239586","article-title":"Investigating bacteria isolated from diabetic foot ulcers and studying their sensitivity to antibiotics\u2014Syria","volume":"45","author":"Al Abbas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bull. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1159\/000534716","article-title":"Microbiological profiles and inflammatory biomarkers of bacteremia in children in a teaching Hospital in Kuwait: an 8-year retrospective Study","volume":"33","author":"Al Benwan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med. Princ. Pract."},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"207","article-title":"Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens among patients visiting primary health centers: implications for empiric therapy","volume":"40","author":"Al Romaihi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bahrain Med. Bull."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.47750\/pnr.2022.13.04.079","article-title":"Inhibition of Streptococcus Agalactiae biofilm formation in response to purified phytochemical antimicrobial materials","volume":"13","author":"Alani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Negat. Results"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11040415","article-title":"Rectovaginal colonization with serotypes of group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility among pregnant women in Le\u00f3n, Nicaragua","volume":"11","author":"Alem\u00e1n","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00355-16","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive group B streptococcal disease in Alberta, Canada, from 2003 to 2013","volume":"54","author":"Alhhazmi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07801-9","article-title":"Microbiological and clinical characteristics of invasive group B streptococcal blood stream infections in children and adults from Qatar","volume":"22","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05581-8","article-title":"Features of Streptococcus agalactiae strains recovered from pregnant women and newborns attending different hospitals in Ethiopia","volume":"20","author":"Ali","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2019.03.007","article-title":"Characteristics of neonatal sepsis at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia","volume":"12","author":"Al-Matary","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Infect. Public Health"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59071279","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and treatment strategies for group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection in pediatrics: a systematic review","volume":"59","author":"Alotaibi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.6190","article-title":"Screening and genotyping of group B Streptococcus in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Turkey","volume":"10","author":"Alp","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dev. Countries"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.61615\/JMCCR\/2024\/AUG027140817","article-title":"A review of group B Streptococcus (GBS) in young adults: emerging concerns beyond the neonatal population","volume":"1","author":"Alshamlan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Clin. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6279343","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6279343","article-title":"An initial survey on the prevalence of group B Streptococcus (GBS) among Yemeni pregnant women in Sana\u2019a city","volume":"2022","author":"Al-Subol","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.22207\/JPAM.13.2.20","article-title":"Prevalence and sensitivity of bacterial urinary tract infection among adult diabetic patients in Misan Province, Iraq","volume":"13","author":"Al-Tulaibawi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pure Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2023.10.007","article-title":"Molecular typing and antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus clinical isolates in Saudi Arabia","volume":"35","author":"Alzayer","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.4103\/sjmms.sjmms_213_21","article-title":"Clinical profile and outcome of group B streptococcal colonization in mothers and neonates in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates: a prospective observational study","volume":"9","author":"AlZuheiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi J.Med. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2010.00134","article-title":"A brief history of the antibiotic era: lessons learned and challenges for the future","volume":"1","author":"Aminov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00650-4","article-title":"Horizontal gene transfer and adaptive evolution in bacteria","volume":"20","author":"Arnold","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E59","DOI":"10.1097\/ANC.0000000000000701","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of group B Streptococcus\u2013associated sepsis, coinfections, and antibiotic susceptibility profile in neonates in Pakistan","volume":"20","author":"Asghar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Neonatal Care"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2022.63.8.717","article-title":"A retrospective national study on colonization rate and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant Korean women, 2018\u20132020","volume":"63","author":"Bae","year":"2022","journal-title":"Yonsei Med. J."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06102-x","article-title":"Group B streptococcal colonization in elderly women","volume":"21","author":"Baldan","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.9517","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms causing urinary tract infections in Saudi Arabia","volume":"12","author":"Balkhi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dev. Countries"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","article-title":"Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias","volume":"50","author":"Begg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17281","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17281","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility in pregnant women in Gabon, Central Africa","volume":"5","author":"Belard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2487-6","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology and distribution of serotypes, genotypes, and antibiotic resistance genes of Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates from Guelma, Algeria and Marseille, France","volume":"34","author":"Bergal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2020.v110i9.14468","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogens isolated from pregnant women in KwaZulu-Natal Province: 2011\u20132016","volume":"110","author":"Bhola","year":"2020","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2015.08.014","article-title":"In vitro activity of oritavancin and comparator agents against staphylococci, streptococci and enterococci from clinical infections in Europe and North America, 2011\u20132014","volume":"46","author":"Biedenbach","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3233\/NPM-1685","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus colonization and HIV in pregnancy: a cohort study in Nigeria","volume":"10","author":"Biobaku Oluwafunmilola","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neonatal-Perinatal Med."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S305329","article-title":"The prevalence, antibiotic resistance pattern, and associated factors of bacterial vaginosis among women of the reproductive age group from Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Ethiopia","volume":"14","author":"Bitew","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000002214","article-title":"Group B streptococcal neonatal and early infancy infections in Iceland, 1976\u20132015","volume":"38","author":"Bj\u00f6rnsd\u00f3ttir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-021-07929-z","article-title":"Whole genome sequence based capsular typing and antimicrobial resistance prediction of group B streptococcal isolates from colonized pregnant women in Nigeria","volume":"22","author":"Bob-Manuel","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1328-0","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women in Garankuwa, South Africa","volume":"8","author":"Bolukaoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC. Res. Notes"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2014.11.001","article-title":"Comparison of PCR and serotyping of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women: the Oslo GBS-study","volume":"108","author":"Brigtsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0226699","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226699","article-title":"Determinants of group B streptococcal virulence potential amongst vaginal clinical isolates from pregnant women","volume":"14","author":"Burcham","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01265","article-title":"Genomic analysis reveals multi-drug resistance clusters in group B Streptococcus CC17 hypervirulent isolates causing neonatal invasive disease in southern mainland China","volume":"7","author":"Campisi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dlac088","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlac088","article-title":"Five-year analysis of the in vitro activity of tedizolid against a worldwide collection of indicated species causing clinical infections: results from the Surveillance of Tedizolid Activity and Resistance (STAR) programme","volume":"4","author":"Carvalhaes","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAC Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.67.356","article-title":"Characteristics of group B Streptococcus isolated from infants with invasive infections: a population-based study in Japan","volume":"67","author":"Chang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2180938","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2023.2180938","article-title":"Fructose promotes ampicillin killing of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368942","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1368942","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance and molecular epidemiological characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women in Guangzhou, South China","volume":"2020","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can. J. Infect. Dis. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2021.41.4.380","article-title":"Recent epidemiological changes in group B Streptococcus among pregnant Korean women","volume":"41","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Lab. Med."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2307\/3001666","article-title":"The combination of estimates from different experiments","volume":"10","author":"Cochran","year":"1954","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1080\/09674845.2016.1144550","article-title":"Reduced penicillin susceptibility of group B Streptococcus: an assessment of emergence in Grampian, Scotland","volume":"73","author":"Cooper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11041050","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in the global health network: known unknowns and challenges for efficient responses in the 21st century","volume":"11","author":"Coque","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001414","article-title":"Neonatal group B Streptococcus infections: prevention strategies, clinical and microbiologic characteristics in 7 years of surveillance","volume":"36","author":"Creti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1710299","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility patterns and prevalence of streptococcus agalactiae rectovaginal colonization among pregnant women in Iran","volume":"42","author":"Dashtizade","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet."},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-020-00419-6","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated from cancer patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"52","author":"de Figueiredo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-9946201658083","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women","volume":"58","author":"de Melo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001054","article-title":"Prevalence and long-term persistence of beta-haemolytic streptococci throat carriage among children and young adults","volume":"68","author":"de Oliveira Luiz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.22088\/jbums.17.2.29","article-title":"Molecular identification of streptococcus agalactiae using gbsl805 gene and determination of the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates","volume":"16","author":"Dehbashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Babol Univ. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.115643","article-title":"Neonatal nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization: prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and concomitant early-onset sepsis","volume":"14","author":"Dehdashtian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jundishapur J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-428","article-title":"Emerging trends in invasive and noninvasive isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae in a Latin American hospital: a 17-year study","volume":"14","author":"del Pilar Crespo-Ortiz","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"DerSimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control. Clin. Trials"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.934804","article-title":"Intrapartum GBS screening and antibiotic prophylaxis: a European consensus conference","volume":"28","author":"Di Renzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1159\/000530525","article-title":"Antibiotic sensitivity of group B Streptococcus from pregnant mothers and its association with resistance genes","volume":"32","author":"Dilrukshi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Princ. Pract."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2020.1716313","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus colonisation and their antimicrobial susceptibility among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in tertiary care hospitals in the Western Province of Sri Lanka","volume":"41","author":"Dilrukshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809724","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.809724","article-title":"Molecular characteristic, antibiotic resistance, and detection of highly immunoreactive proteins of group B Streptococcus strains isolated from urinary tract infections in polish adults","volume":"13","author":"Dobrut","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-017-0034-5","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus causes severe sepsis in term neonates: 8 years experience of a major Chinese neonatal unit","volume":"13","author":"Dong","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2704","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx207","article-title":"Genomic sequences of Streptococcus agalactiae with high-level gentamicin resistance, collected in the BSAC bacteraemia surveillance","volume":"72","author":"Doumith","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12010033","article-title":"Prevalence, clinico-bacteriological profile, and antibiotic resistance of symptomatic urinary tract infections in pregnant women","volume":"12","author":"Dube","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2017.03.018","article-title":"Telavancin activity in vitro tested against a worldwide collection of Gram-positive clinical isolates (2014)","volume":"10","author":"Duncan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-323","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae in Brazil: serotype distribution, virulence determinants and antimicrobial susceptibility","volume":"14","author":"Dutra","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.26655\/JMCHEMSCI.2023.4.13","article-title":"Investigation of biofilm formation and antibiotic resistant of bacteria isolated from septic neonates","volume":"6","author":"Ebrahem","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem. Sci."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2583","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S203543","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of direct latex agglutination, post-enrichment latex agglutination and culture methods in screening of group B streptococci in late pregnancy: a comparative study","volume":"12","author":"El Shahaway","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0300","article-title":"Serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae in Egyptian patients with or without diabetes mellitus","volume":"105","author":"El-Gendy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2016.08.016","article-title":"Characterization of virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance pattern and clonal complexes of group B streptococci isolated from neonates","volume":"99","author":"Emaneini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"157","article-title":"High incidence of macrolide and tetracycline resistance among Streptococcus Agalactiae strains isolated from clinical samples in Tehran, Iran","volume":"9","author":"Emaneini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Maedica"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-014-2265-x","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, serotype distribution and virulence determinants among invasive, non-invasive and colonizing Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus) from Malaysian patients","volume":"34","author":"Eskandarian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref74","first-page":"180","article-title":"Decreased susceptibility to clindamycin, erythromycin and tetracycline of streptococcus agalactiae isolated from vaginal samples","volume":"60","author":"Evangelia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Microbiol. Hellenica"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.21608\/mid.2022.148315.1338","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of two chromogenic media for Streptococcus agalactiae screening in pregnant women","volume":"3","author":"Fahim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbes Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.22207\/JPAM.13.1.27","article-title":"Correlation between strain distribution and antibiotic resistance genes pattern of Streptococcus agalactiae group B from patients in Taif, Saudi Arabia","volume":"13","author":"Felemban","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pure Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"000370","DOI":"10.1099\/acmi.0.000370","article-title":"Genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of invasive, noninvasive and colonizing group B Streptococcus isolates in southern Brazil","volume":"4","author":"Feuerschuette","year":"2022","journal-title":"Access Microbiol."},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2013.11.005","article-title":"Ceftaroline activity tested against contemporary Latin American bacterial pathogens (2011)","volume":"18","author":"Flamm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Braz. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20825","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2014.19.23.20825","article-title":"Epidemiological surveillance of colonising group B Streptococcus epidemiology in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley regions, Portugal (2005 to 2012): emergence of a new epidemic type IV\/clonal complex 17 clone","volume":"19","author":"Florindo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Secur."},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0714-7","article-title":"Associations between nasopharyngeal carriage of group B Streptococcus and other respiratory pathogens during early infancy","volume":"16","author":"Foster-Nyarko","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/122397","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae and Chlamydia trachomatis detection in women without symptoms of infection","volume":"29","author":"Frej-M\u0105drzak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"w13935","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2014.13935","article-title":"Serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of group B streptococci in pregnant women: results from a Swiss tertiary Centre","volume":"144","author":"Fr\u00f6hlicher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Swiss Med. Wkly."},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0211786","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211786","article-title":"Age-related differences in clinical characteristics of invasive group G streptococcal infection: comparison with group A and group B streptococcal infections","volume":"14","author":"Fujiya","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2018.10.005","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of invasive and non-invasive group B Streptococcus circulating in Serbia","volume":"309","author":"Gajic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3797","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S223597","article-title":"Incidence, bacterial profiles, and antimicrobial resistance of culture-proven neonatal sepsis in South China","volume":"12","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06186-5","article-title":"Prevalence of group B Streptococcus colonization in pregnant women in Jiangsu, East China","volume":"21","author":"Ge","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2022.100957","article-title":"Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis for genotyping of erythromycin-resistant group B streptococci in Iran","volume":"45","author":"Ghamari","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect."},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.30476\/ijms.2023.96346.2787","article-title":"Molecular serotyping and antibiotic resistance profile of group B Streptococcus strains isolated from Iranian pregnant women with urinary tract infection","volume":"48","author":"Gharabeigi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Iran. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.062109-0","article-title":"Genetic diversity and virulence properties of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis from different sources","volume":"63","author":"Gherardi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhs.v30i5.7","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus recto-vaginal colonization in near-term pregnant women, Southwest Ethiopia","volume":"30","author":"Girma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ethiop. J. Health Sci."},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-018-1350-1","article-title":"Newborn colonization and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus agalactiae at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia","volume":"18","author":"Gizachew","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-4776-7","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women and newborns at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia","volume":"20","author":"Gizachew","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2021\/47750.14824","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus colonising the genital tract of pregnant women from Dibrugarh, Assam: circulating serotypes, susceptibility pattern and phylogenetic analysis","volume":"15","author":"Gogoi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagn. Res."},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2019.09.014","article-title":"Variations in antibiotic susceptibility of group B Streptococcus in Japanese women: a long-term population-based cohort study","volume":"58","author":"Gomi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Taiwan. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v7n6p233","article-title":"Culture and real-time PCR based maternal screening and antibiotic susceptibility for group B Streptococcus: an Iranian experience","volume":"7","author":"Goudarzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Global J. Health Sci."},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65744","DOI":"10.5812\/archcid.65744","article-title":"Overview perspective of bacterial strategies of resistance to biocides and antibiotics","volume":"14","author":"Goudarzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-04041-0","article-title":"Invasive group B Streptococcus among non-pregnant adults in Brussels-Capital Region, 2005\u20132019","volume":"40","author":"Graux","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2811-0","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive group B streptococcal disease in infants from urban area of South China, 2011\u20132014","volume":"18","author":"Guan","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2017.10.020","article-title":"Neonatal colonization of group B Streptococcus in China: prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, serotypes, and molecular characterization","volume":"46","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-018-0280-y","article-title":"The draft genomes and investigation of serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus strains isolated from urine in Suzhou, China","volume":"17","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob."},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.11395","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae from pregnant women in southern China","volume":"13","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dev. Countries"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.07.010","article-title":"Clinical and pathogenic analysis of 507 children with bacterial meningitis in Beijing, 2010\u20132014","volume":"50","author":"Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.7508\/ijp.2015.02.006","article-title":"Frequency of group B streptococcal colonization in pregnant women aged 35\u201337 weeks in clinical centers of Shahed University, Tehran, Iran","volume":"10","author":"Hadavand","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-021-02283-2","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women from hospitals in Ohangwena and Oshikoto regions of Namibia","volume":"21","author":"Haimbodi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2021.06.347","article-title":"Novel molecular diagnosis of Cyl E, Spb 1 and bib A virulence genes of Streptococcus agalactiae from pregnant women","volume":"80","author":"Hamad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3535","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268817002461","article-title":"Emergence of the L phenotype in Group B streptococci in the south of Ireland","volume":"145","author":"Hayes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2020.1758626","article-title":"A review of antibiotic resistance in group B Streptococcus: the story so far","volume":"46","author":"Hayes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7424","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01374-16","article-title":"Changing epidemiology of group B Streptococcus susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides in France","volume":"60","author":"Hays","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref109","first-page":"0323","article-title":"Neonatal infections: group B Streptococcus","volume":"2014","author":"Heath","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Clin. Evid."},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-022-03050-w","article-title":"Virulence profiles and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae infective and colonizing strains from Argentina","volume":"79","author":"Hernandez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186","article-title":"Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Higgins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0240590","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240590","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae infections between 2007 and 2016 in Nara, Japan","volume":"15","author":"Hirai","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref113","first-page":"841","article-title":"Maternal to child group B Streptococcus transmission rate at Thammasat University hospital, Thailand","volume":"48","author":"Hiriote","year":"2017","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2174\/1574884714666190926124714","article-title":"Severe group A and group B Streptococcus diseases at a pediatric ICU: are they still sensitive to the penicillins?","volume":"15","author":"Hon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284665","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1284665","article-title":"Global trends of antimicrobial resistance rates in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Hooshiar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4592","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa976","article-title":"Outcomes of \u03b2-hemolytic streptococcal necrotizing skin and soft-tissue infections and the impact of clindamycin resistance","volume":"73","author":"Horn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2017.06.002","article-title":"Linezolid activity against clinical Gram-positive cocci with advanced antimicrobial drug resistance in Iran","volume":"10","author":"Houri","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0377822","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03778-22","article-title":"Clonal complex 12 serotype Ib Streptococcus agalactiae strain causing complicated sepsis in neonates: clinical features and genetic characteristics","volume":"11","author":"Hsu","year":"","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15387","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242015387","article-title":"The clinical and genetic characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae meningitis in neonates","volume":"24","author":"Hsu","year":"","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9101477","article-title":"Genomic characterization of serotype III\/ST-17 group B Streptococcus strains with antimicrobial resistance using whole genome sequencing","volume":"9","author":"Hsu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S70","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00390-15","article-title":"In vitro activities of tedizolid and linezolid against Gram-positive cocci associated with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and pneumonia","volume":"45","author":"Hsueh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S415414","article-title":"Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors of group B Streptococcus among pregnant women attending antenatal Care at Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia","volume":"16","author":"Husen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2014.12.002","article-title":"Evaluation of streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome caused by group B Streptococcus in adults in Japan between 2009 and 2013","volume":"21","author":"Ikebe","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Infect. Chemother."},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0498722","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04987-22","article-title":"Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates in non-pregnant adults with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome in Japan in 2014 to 2021","volume":"11","author":"Ikebe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13090807","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus infections in non-pregnant adults, Italy, 2015\u20132019","volume":"13","author":"Imperi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21161\/mjm.230225","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus agalactiae resistant to recommended intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis isolated from the rectovaginal area of 35\u201337 weeks pregnant women","volume":"19","author":"Iweriebor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Malays. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4428-4","article-title":"Determination of surface proteins profile, capsular genotyping, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of group B Streptococcus isolated from urinary tract infection of Iranian patients","volume":"12","author":"Jalalifar","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC. Res. Notes"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9539","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66214-3","article-title":"Increasing incidence of group B Streptococcus neonatal infections in the Netherlands is associated with clonal expansion of CC17 and CC23","volume":"10","author":"Jamrozy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0183083","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183083","article-title":"Colonization prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women over a 6-year period in Dongguan, China","volume":"12","author":"Ji","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01308","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae causing community-and hospital-acquired infections in Shanghai, China","volume":"7","author":"Jiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0180161","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180161","article-title":"Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of cerebrospinal fluid pathogens in children with acute bacterial meningitis in Yunnan province, China, 2012\u20132015","volume":"12","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5236430","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5236430","article-title":"Clinical profile and risk factors of group B streptococcal colonization in mothers from the Eastern District of China","volume":"2022","author":"Jiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Trop. Med."},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05035-1","article-title":"Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, serotypes and risk factors for group B Streptococcus rectovaginal isolates among pregnant women at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya; a cross-sectional study","volume":"20","author":"Jisuvei","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839079","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.839079","article-title":"Epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence determinants of group B Streptococcus in an Australian setting","volume":"13","author":"Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9070526","article-title":"Increasing resistance and changes in distribution of serotypes of Streptococcus agalactiae in Poland","volume":"9","author":"Kaminska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e242","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001531","article-title":"Genotype characterization of group B Streptococcus isolated from infants with invasive diseases in South Korea","volume":"36","author":"Kang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4177-y","article-title":"Emerging serotype III sequence type 17 group B Streptococcus invasive infection in infants: the clinical characteristics and impacts on outcomes","volume":"19","author":"Kao","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4626-7","article-title":"High prevalence of group B Streptococcus ST17 hypervirulent clone among non-pregnant patients from a Hungarian venereology clinic","volume":"19","author":"Kardos","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref139","first-page":"132","article-title":"Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in tonsils of different ages with recurrent tonsillitis","volume":"10","author":"Karim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J. Public Health Res. Dev."},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.07.012","article-title":"In vitro activity of ceftaroline against bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with skin and soft tissue and respiratory tract infections in African and middle eastern countries: AWARE global surveillance program 2012\u20132014","volume":"86","author":"Karlowsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ534","article-title":"Telavancin: mechanisms of action, in vitro activity, and mechanisms of resistance","volume":"61","author":"Karlowsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2014.09.003","article-title":"In vitro activity of oritavancin against Gram-positive pathogens isolated in Canadian hospital laboratories from 2011 to 2013","volume":"80","author":"Karlowsky","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2017.01.006","article-title":"In vitro activity of oritavancin against Gram-positive pathogens isolated in Canadian hospital laboratories from 2011 to 2015","volume":"87","author":"Karlowsky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e56027","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.56027","article-title":"Microbiological characteristics and resistance patterns in a neonatal intensive care unit: a retrospective surveillance Study","volume":"16","author":"Kasem","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2022.07.002","article-title":"Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women in Japan, 2017\u20132021","volume":"4","author":"Kawaguchiya","year":"2022","journal-title":"IJID Reg."},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79354-3","article-title":"Trends in molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of group B streptococci: a multicenter study in Serbia, 2015\u20132020","volume":"11","author":"Kekic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-017-2983-y","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological features associated with group B Streptococcus bone and joint infections, France 2004\u20132014","volume":"36","author":"Kern\u00e9is","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.2015.423","article-title":"Maternal colonization of group B Streptococcus: prevalence, associated factors and antimicrobial resistance","volume":"35","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Saudi Med."},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12030544","article-title":"Genomic analysis reveals new integrative conjugal elements and transposons in GBS conferring antimicrobial resistance","volume":"12","author":"Khan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2018.01.035","article-title":"Pilus-encoding islets in S. agalactiae and its association with antibacterial resistance and serotype distribution","volume":"116","author":"Khodaei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky542","article-title":"Relatively high rates of cefotaxime-and ceftriaxone-non-susceptible isolates among group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) in Japan","volume":"74","author":"Kitamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2021.02.005","article-title":"An 18-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of early-onset neonatal sepsis-emergence of uncommon pathogens","volume":"62","author":"Ko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neonatol."},{"key":"ref153","article-title":"Package \u2018caret\u2019","volume":"223","author":"Kuhn","year":"2020","journal-title":"R J."},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277928","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1277928","article-title":"Group B streptococci recto-vaginal colonization, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and associated factors among pregnant women at selected health facilities of Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia","volume":"14","author":"Kumalo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref155","first-page":"132","article-title":"First study of SCPB gene of streptococcus agalactiae in Misiones, Argentina","volume":"38","author":"Laczeski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biocell"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2018.03.004","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of bacteria causing urinary tract infections in Mexico: single-centre experience with 10 years of results","volume":"14","author":"Lagunas-Rangel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13121130","article-title":"Unveiling the dynamics of antimicrobial resistance: a year-long surveillance (2023) at the largest infectious disease profile hospital in Western Romania","volume":"13","author":"Laitin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-022-04505-5","article-title":"Clinical and molecular epidemiology of invasive group B Streptococcus infections in adults in a referral center in Korea","volume":"41","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2014.03.002","article-title":"High prevalence of Streptococcus agalactiae from vaginas of women in Taiwan and its mechanisms of macrolide and quinolone resistance","volume":"48","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect."},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5457","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S343429","article-title":"Group B streptococci vaginal-recto colonization, vertical transmission to newborns, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and associated factors in selected health facilities of Bahir Dar city: a cross-sectional study","volume":"14","author":"Leykun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14686","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000014686","article-title":"Clinical features and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of culture-proven neonatal sepsis in a tertiary children\u2019s hospital, 2013 to 2017","volume":"98","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07382-7","article-title":"Distribution and drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria in diabetic foot ulcer patients with necrotizing fasciitis at a diabetic foot center in China","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.06.023","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and etiology of bacterial meningitis in Chinese children> 28 days of age, January 2014\u2013December 2016: a multicenter retrospective study","volume":"74","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S395942","article-title":"Characterization of group B Streptococcus recovered from pregnant women and newborns attending in a hospital in Beijing, China","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infecti. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4434-0","article-title":"Molecular characteristics of group B Streptococcus isolates from infants in southern mainland China","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.12809\/hkmj197991","article-title":"Pathogens in preterm prelabour rupture of membranes and erythromycin for antibiotic prophylaxis: a retrospective analysis","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med. J."},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8071055","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae strains found in human and fish with high penicillin and cefotaxime non-susceptibilities","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7636983","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7636983","article-title":"Omadacycline efficacy against Streptococcus agalactiae isolated in China: correlation between resistance and virulence gene and biofilm formation","volume":"2022","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Intell. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9102094","article-title":"Complicated Streptococcus agalactiae sepsis with\/without meningitis in young infants and newborns: the clinical and molecular characteristics and outcomes","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.3390\/children9121848","article-title":"Maternal group B streptococcal rectovaginal colonization after intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138039","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1138039","article-title":"Molecular characteristics and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of clindamycin-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae isolates in China","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10122483","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus: virulence factors and pathogenic mechanism","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00989-6","article-title":"Pathogens distribution and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections in twenty-five neonatal intensive care units in China, 2017\u20132019","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S116","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.21.1700473","article-title":"Increase of macrolide resistance among group B Streptococcus invasive disease in non-pregnant adults in Portugal (2009\u20132015) was driven by a capsular variant of a single clone","volume":"50","author":"Lopes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.08.023","article-title":"Molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance in invasive and noninvasive group B Streptococcus between 2008 and 2015 in China","volume":"86","author":"Lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000849","article-title":"Microbiological and clinical characteristics of group B Streptococcus isolates causing materno-neonatal infections: high prevalence of CC17\/PI-1 and PI-2b sublineage in neonatal infections","volume":"67","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0128321","DOI":"10.1128\/Spectrum.01283-21","article-title":"Epidemiological characterization of group B Streptococcus infections in Alberta, Canada: an update from 2014 to 2020","volume":"9","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001979","article-title":"Maternal carriage of group B Streptococcus and Escherichia coli in a district hospital in Mozambique","volume":"37","author":"Madrid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"ref179","first-page":"167","article-title":"Spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pathogen causing neonatal sepsis at regional referral hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania","volume":"23","author":"Majigo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tanzan. J. Health Res."},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12040767","article-title":"Bacterial aetiology of neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial resistance pattern at the regional referral hospital, Dar es Salam, Tanzania; a call to strengthening antibiotic stewardship program","volume":"12","author":"Majigo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"89","article-title":"Pattern of infection and antibiotic activity among Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from adults in Mashhad, Iran","volume":"3","author":"Malek-Jafarian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rep. Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12010080","article-title":"Cumulative antibiogram: a rapid method to hinder transmission of resistant bacteria to oral cavity of newborn babies","volume":"12","author":"Mali\u021ba","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00499","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae causing neonatal infections in Portugal (2005\u20132015): diversification and emergence of a CC17\/PI-2b multidrug resistant sublineage","volume":"8","author":"Martins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref184","first-page":"217","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae: prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in vaginal and rectal swabs in Italian pregnant women","volume":"24","author":"Matani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inf. Med."},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.3216","article-title":"Clinical and molecular epidemiology of beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections in India","volume":"8","author":"Mathur","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dev. Countries"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku421","article-title":"Activity of oritavancin against Gram-positive clinical isolates responsible for documented skin and soft-tissue infections in European and US hospitals (2010\u201313)","volume":"70","author":"Mendes","year":"","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2014.12.011","article-title":"Update of the telavancin activity in vitro tested against a worldwide collection of Gram-positive clinical isolates (2013), when applying the revised susceptibility testing method","volume":"81","author":"Mendes","year":"","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01938","article-title":"Evolutionary approaches to combat antibiotic resistance: opportunities and challenges for precision medicine","volume":"11","author":"Merker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574.e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.02.021","article-title":"Short-read whole genome sequencing for determination of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms and capsular serotypes of current invasive Streptococcus agalactiae recovered in the USA","volume":"23","author":"Metcalf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref190","first-page":"172","article-title":"Vaginal colonization with group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae)","volume":"60","author":"Miloshevski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Microbiol. Hellenica"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12101488","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance pattern and empirical antibiotic treatments in neonatal sepsis: a retrospective, single-center, 12-year study","volume":"12","author":"Minotti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref192","first-page":"384","article-title":"U\u010destalost rezistencije na makrolide i linkozamide kod ambulantnih i bolni\u010dkih izolata stafilokoka i streptokoka u jugoisto\u010dnoj Srbiji","volume":"146","author":"Mi\u0161i\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Srp. Arh. Celok. Lek."},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.02.26.23286459","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance rates in Gram-positive uropathogens in Duhok city, Kurdistan region of Iraq","author":"Mohamed","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2020.52.1.70","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus colonization, antibiotic susceptibility, and serotype distribution among Saudi pregnant women","volume":"52","author":"Mohamed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect. Chemother."},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2023.11.006","article-title":"In vitro activity of ceftaroline against bacterial isolates causing skin and soft tissue and respiratory tract infections collected in Latin American countries, ATLAS program 2016\u20132020","volume":"36","author":"Mohamed","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2015.11.007","article-title":"Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of hemolytic Streptococcus agalactiae from post-menopausal women","volume":"85","author":"Molt\u00f3-Garc\u00eda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-015-0116-y","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility trends among Gram-positive and-negative clinical isolates collected between 2005 and 2012 in Mexico: results from the tigecycline evaluation and surveillance trial","volume":"14","author":"Morfin-Otero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob."},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2018.1557987","article-title":"Isolation of group B Streptococcus with reduced \u03b2-lactam susceptibility from pregnant women","volume":"8","author":"Moroi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268813001647","article-title":"Associations between capsular serotype, multilocus sequence type, and macrolide resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from Japanese infants with invasive infections","volume":"142","author":"Morozumi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_269_20","article-title":"Determination of capsular serotypes, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and molecular mechanism of erythromycin resistance among clinical isolates of group B Streptococcus in Isfahan, Iran","volume":"10","author":"Motallebirad","year":"","journal-title":"Adv. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-021-02186-2","article-title":"Prevalence, population structure, distribution of serotypes, pilus islands and resistance genes among erythromycin-resistant colonizing and invasive Streptococcus agalactiae isolates recovered from pregnant and non-pregnant women in Isfahan, Iran","volume":"21","author":"Motallebirad","year":"","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3205\/dgkh000278","article-title":"Survey of strain distribution and antibiotic resistance pattern of group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) isolated from clinical specimens","author":"Mousavi","year":"2016","journal-title":"GMS Hyg. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4102\/phcfm.v7i1.800","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of uropathogens in Maluti Adventist Hospital patients, 2011","volume":"7","author":"Mubanga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Afr. J. Prim. Health Care Fam. Med."},{"key":"ref204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-05820-6","article-title":"Analysis of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in group B Streptococcus from clinical samples","volume":"21","author":"Mudzana","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1080\/23120053.2015.1074443","article-title":"Neonatal septicaemia: prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of common pathogens at Princess Marina Hospital, Botswana","volume":"30","author":"Mudzikati","year":"2015","journal-title":"South. Afr. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-019-2445-4","article-title":"The activity of commercial antimicrobials, and essential oils and ethanolic extracts of Olea europaea on Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women","volume":"19","author":"Mukesi","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-015-0197-y","article-title":"Common causes of vaginal infections and antibiotic susceptibility of aerobic bacterial isolates in women of reproductive age attending at Felegehiwot Referral Hospital, Ethiopia: a cross sectional study","volume":"15","author":"Mulu","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"ref208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0","article-title":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis","volume":"399","author":"Murray","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16111615","article-title":"Origin of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and their impacts on drug development: a narrative review","volume":"16","author":"Muteeb","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"ref210","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and risk factors for colonization among antenatal women at Mbagathi Hospital, Nairobi City County, Kenya","volume-title":"Thesis","author":"Mwambia","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763931","DOI":"10.4314\/thrb.v20i4.8","article-title":"Asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania","volume":"20","author":"Mwei","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tanzan. J. Health Res."},{"key":"ref212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.18502\/ijm.v12i5.4601","article-title":"Distribution of pilus island and antibiotic resistance genes in streptococcus agalactiae obtained from vagina of pregnant women in Yazd, Iran","volume":"12","author":"Nabavinia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iran. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000455","article-title":"Prophylaxis against early-onset group B Streptococcus infections in pregnant women who are allergic to penicillin","volume":"62","author":"Nadeau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2018.11.003","article-title":"Population-level transition of capsular polysaccharide types among sequence type 1 group B Streptococcus isolates with reduced penicillin susceptibility during a long-term hospital epidemic","volume":"53","author":"Nagano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2020.06.007","article-title":"Relative effects of direct spread, lymph node metastasis and venous invasion in relation to blood borne distant metastasis present at the time of resection of colorectal cancer","volume":"52","author":"Newland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"ref216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11786361231174419","DOI":"10.1177\/11786361231174419","article-title":"Vaginal carriage of group B Streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women, antibiotic sensitivity and associated risk factors in Dakar, Senegal","volume":"16","author":"Ngom","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol. Insights"},{"key":"ref217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6579139","article-title":"Risk factors for vaginal colonization and relationship between bacterial vaginal colonization and in-hospital outcomes in women with obstructed labor in a Ugandan regional referral hospital","volume":"2018","author":"Ngonzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.15296\/ijwhr.2018.04","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of anogenital colonization by group B Streptococcus infection among HIV positive and negative women in Calabar, Nigeria","volume":"6","author":"Njoku","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Women\u2019s Health Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-018-3589-x","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in vaginal and anorectal swabs of pregnant women at a tertiary hospital in Cameroon","volume":"11","author":"Nkembe","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC. Res. Notes"},{"key":"ref220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2019.0328","article-title":"Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of resistance to macrolides and lincosamides in Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women in Misiones, Argentina","volume":"26","author":"Novosak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.17392\/876-16","article-title":"Presence and resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae in vaginal specimens of pregnant and adult non-pregnant women and association with other aerobic bacteria","volume":"14","author":"Numanovi\u0107","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Glas."},{"key":"ref222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4103\/jwas.jwas_26_21","article-title":"Prevalence of group B Streptococcus colonisation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among pregnant women attending a tertiary health Facility in Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria","volume":"9","author":"Ojo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. West Afr. Coll. Surg."},{"key":"ref223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943413","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.943413","article-title":"The landscape of antimicrobial resistance in the neonatal and multi-host pathogen group B Streptococcus: review from a one health perspective","volume":"13","author":"Oliveira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0264273","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0264273","article-title":"Genomic analysis of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus isolated from pregnant women in northeastern Mexico","volume":"17","author":"Palacios-Saucedo","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.18502\/ijm.v15i2.12473","article-title":"Determination of pilus-islands profile and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from urine of pregnant women","volume":"15","author":"Panahi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Iran. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0146-2015","article-title":"Aerobic bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance in patients with diabetic foot infections","volume":"48","author":"Perim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop."},{"key":"ref227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05599-y","article-title":"Genomic and phenotypic characterisation of invasive neonatal and colonising group B Streptococcus isolates from Slovenia, 2001\u20132018","volume":"20","author":"Perme","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5393","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00881-16","article-title":"Activities of tedizolid and linezolid determined by the reference broth microdilution method against 3,032 Gram-positive bacterial isolates collected in Asia-Pacific, Eastern Europe, and Latin American countries in 2014","volume":"60","author":"Pfaller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2015.07.001","article-title":"Characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates causing urinary tract infections","volume":"34","author":"Piccinelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"ref230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2021.04.020","article-title":"In vitro activity of ceftaroline and comparators against bacterial isolates collected globally from patients with skin infections","volume":"26","author":"Pi\u00e9rard","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2617-9","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae infection in cancer patients: a five-year study","volume":"35","author":"Pimentel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.33321\/cdi.2023.47.52","article-title":"Group B streptococcus in the Northern Territory in 2023: clindamycin down but not out","volume":"47","author":"Proudmore","year":"2023","journal-title":"Commun. Dis. Intell."},{"key":"ref233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8686550","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8686550","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of group B Streptococcus colonization in pregnant women: a pilot study in Palestine","volume":"2021","author":"Qadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can. J. Infect. Dis. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-04069-2","article-title":"Microbiological profiles and antimicrobial resistance patterns of pediatric bloodstream pathogens in China, 2016\u20132018","volume":"40","author":"Qiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref235","first-page":"135","article-title":"Profile and antimicrobial resistance to newly available drugs of urinary tract pathogens among Malagasy pregnant women","volume":"33","author":"Rasamiravaka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"ref236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2014.01.017","article-title":"In vitro activity of tigecycline against isolates collected from complicated skin and skin structure infections and intra-abdominal infections in Africa and Middle East countries: TEST 2007\u20132012","volume":"79","author":"Renteria","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.18502\/ijm.v13i2.5979","article-title":"Macrolide-resistance, capsular genotyping and associated factors of group B streptococci colonized pregnant women in Isfahan, Iran","volume":"13","author":"Rostami","year":"2021","journal-title":"Iran. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ram.2017.08.002","article-title":"Bacteriemia por Streptococcus agalactiae en pacientes adultos y mujeres no embarazadas de dos hospitales universitarios","volume":"50","author":"Saad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Argent. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-022-02375-3","article-title":"Evolving antibiotic resistance in group B streptococci causing invasive infant disease: 1970\u20132021","volume":"93","author":"Sabroske","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0252328","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252328","article-title":"Prevalence, serotype and antibiotic susceptibility of group B Streptococcus isolated from pregnant women in Jakarta, Indonesia","volume":"16","author":"Safari","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref241","first-page":"243","article-title":"Frequency of inducible clindamycin resistance among Gram-positive cocci in a tertiary hospital, Tehran, Iran","volume":"8","author":"Saffar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iran. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/IPC.0000000000000713","article-title":"The prevalence of rectovaginal colonization and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women in Al-Zahra Hospital, Rasht, Iran","volume":"27","author":"Sahraee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2020.v110i9.14524","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotype distribution of Streptococcus agalactiae rectovaginal colonising isolates from pregnant women at a tertiary hospital in Pretoria, South Africa: an observational descriptive study","volume":"110","author":"Said","year":"2019","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"ref244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3988","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v8.i18.3988","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae: identification methods, antimicrobial susceptibility, and resistance genes in pregnant women","volume":"8","author":"Santana","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J. Clin. Cases"},{"key":"ref245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11040386","article-title":"Colonization of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women and their neonates from a Sri Lankan hospital","volume":"11","author":"Sapugahawatte","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"ref246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3109\/23744235.2015.1040446","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus agalactiae recovered from significant bacteriuria","volume":"47","author":"Schuab","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.077057-0","article-title":"Macrolide-and tetracycline-resistance determinants of colonizing group B Streptococcus in women in Egypt","volume":"63","author":"Shabayek","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Doc23","DOI":"10.3205\/dgkh000358","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae clinical isolates in Northwest Iran: antibiotic susceptibility, molecular typing, and biofilm formation","volume":"15","author":"Shadbad","year":"2020","journal-title":"GMS Hyg. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4162-5","article-title":"The etiology of acute meningitis and encephalitis syndromes in a sentinel pediatric hospital, Shenzhen, China","volume":"19","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-03864-1","article-title":"Significant shifts in the distribution of vaccine capsular polysaccharide types and rates of antimicrobial resistance of perinatal group B streptococci within the last decade in St. Petersburg, Russia","volume":"39","author":"Shipitsyna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4046703","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4046703","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from pregnant women in Kathmandu City","volume":"2020","author":"Shrestha","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Trop. Med."},{"key":"ref252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0191193","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191193","article-title":"Invasive bacterial disease trends and characterization of group B streptococcal isolates among young infants in southern Mozambique, 2001\u20132015","volume":"13","author":"Siga\u00faque","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2017.0139","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Italian isolates of fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae and relationships with chloramphenicol resistance","volume":"24","author":"Simoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist."},{"key":"ref254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06820-2","article-title":"The serotype distribution of Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) carriage isolates among pregnant women having risk factors for early-onset GBS disease: a comparative study with GBS causing invasive infections during the same period in Denmark","volume":"21","author":"Slotved","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822013000300032","article-title":"Prevalence of group B Streptococcus serotypes III and V in pregnant women of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"44","author":"Soares","year":"2013","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62782-2","article-title":"Clinical approach to penicillin-allergic patients: a survey","volume":"84","author":"Solensky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"ref257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/0470870168.ch6","article-title":"Regression methods to detect publication and other bias in meta-analysis","volume-title":"Publication bias in meta-analysis: prevention, assessment and adjustments","author":"Sterne","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2020.06.006","article-title":"Whole genome sequencing for antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, virulence factors and clonality in invasive Streptococcus agalactiae blood culture isolates recovered in Australia","volume":"52","author":"Stewart","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"ref259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16189","article-title":"Sepsis treatment options identified by 10-year study of microbial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility in a level-four neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"111","author":"St\u00f8rdal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"ref260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2016.01.009","article-title":"Characterization of a group B Streptococcus infection based on the demographics, serotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility and genotypes of selected isolates from sterile and non-sterile isolation sites in three major hospitals in Malaysia","volume":"10","author":"Suhaimi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Infect. Public Health"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241706","DOI":"10.1080\/16583655.2023.2241706","article-title":"Serotypes, virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility of group B streptococci isolated from infections in non-pregnant adults in Malaysia","volume":"17","author":"Sulung","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Taibah Univ. Sci."},{"key":"ref262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000210","article-title":"Bacterial meningitis in Malawian infants <2 months of age: etiology and susceptibility to World Health Organization first-line antibiotics","volume":"33","author":"Swann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"ref263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2021.05.004","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in neonates in China 2012\u20132019: a multicenter study","volume":"55","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect."},{"key":"ref264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20732","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020732","article-title":"Characterization of aerobic vaginitis in late pregnancy in a Chinese population: a STROBE-compliant study","volume":"99","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2919","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01128-15","article-title":"Emergence of serotype IV group B Streptococcus adult invasive disease in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, Canada, is driven by clonal sequence type 459 strains","volume":"53","author":"Teatero","year":"","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01615-16","article-title":"Serotype distribution, population structure, and antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus strains recovered from colonized pregnant women","volume":"55","author":"Teatero","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2014.140759","article-title":"Population structure and antimicrobial resistance of invasive serotype IV group B Streptococcus, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","volume":"21","author":"Teatero","year":"","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26092671","article-title":"New antibiotics for multidrug-resistant bacterial strains: latest research developments and future perspectives","volume":"26","author":"Terreni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9910842","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance profile and associated factors of group B streptococci colonization among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Jigjiga, Southeast Ethiopia","volume":"2022","author":"Tesfaye","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref270","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00264","article-title":"Molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus strains causing invasive disease in neonates and adults","volume":"10","author":"Tsai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719353","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.719353","article-title":"Emergence of multi-drug resistance and its association with uncommon serotypes of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from non-neonatal patients in Thailand","volume":"12","author":"Tulyaprawat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20845","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00468-3","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in colonizing group B Streptococcus among pregnant women from a hospital in Vietnam","volume":"11","author":"Van Du","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref273","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.3126\/jnps.v34i3.11236","article-title":"Neonatal Sepsis: a profile of a changing Spectrum","volume":"34","author":"Venkatnarayan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-023-02877-y","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence genes of Streptococcus agalactiae serotypes of Indian origin","volume":"23","author":"Verma","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03","article-title":"Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package","volume":"36","author":"Viechtbauer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"ref276","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.11","article-title":"Outlier and influence diagnostics for meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"Viechtbauer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Res. Synth. Methods"},{"key":"ref277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.09.037","article-title":"Invasive group B Streptococcus infections in non-pregnant adults: a retrospective study, France, 2007\u20132019","volume":"27","author":"Vuillemin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2017.12.004","article-title":"Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae colonized in Chinese pregnant women: predominance of ST19\/III and ST17\/III","volume":"169","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref279","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.4103\/2319-4170.138306","article-title":"Serotype distribution and resistance genes associated with macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from a hospital in southern Taiwan","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed. J."},{"key":"ref280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.05.026","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological characteristics of recurrent group B streptococcal infection among non-pregnant adults","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14580","DOI":"10.5812\/ijp.14580","article-title":"Serotype, genotype, and clinical manifestations of group B Streptococcus (GBS) isolated from neonates in China","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran. J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref282","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2015.06.019","article-title":"Serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance, and molecular characterization of invasive group B Streptococcus isolates recovered from Chinese neonates","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref283","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0120035","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120035","article-title":"Serotypes, antibiotic susceptibilities, and multi-locus sequence type profiles of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates circulating in Beijing, China","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref284","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-022-04120-4","article-title":"Group B streptococcal colonization among pregnant women and neonates in a tertiary care hospital in South India","volume":"89","author":"Warrier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref285","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250436","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1250436","article-title":"Genotypic and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactiae causing bovine mastitis in the central region of Thailand","volume":"10","author":"Wataradee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref286","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003055","article-title":"Microbiology and antibiotic resistance in peripartum bacteremia","volume":"133","author":"Wilkie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref287","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-023-04606-9","article-title":"Genomic characterization of emerging invasive Streptococcus agalactiae serotype VIII in Alberta, Canada","volume":"42","author":"Williams","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref288","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-11-80","article-title":"The prevalence of group B streptococus recto-vaginal colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in pregnant mothers at two hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","volume":"11","author":"Woldu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod. Health"},{"key":"ref289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1551-2","article-title":"Phenotypic and genetic differences among group B Streptococcus recovered from neonates and pregnant women in Shenzhen, China: 8-year study","volume":"19","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12570","article-title":"Investigation of serotype distribution and resistance genes profile in group B Streptococcus isolated from pregnant women: a Chinese multicenter cohort study","volume":"124","author":"Yan","year":"2016","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0016123","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00161-23","article-title":"Recent development and fighting strategies for lincosamide antibiotic resistance","volume":"37","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref292","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.13203","article-title":"No resistance to penicillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, or vancomycin in Pneumococcal pneumonia","volume":"12","author":"Yayan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref293","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2014.12.012","article-title":"Identification of Brucella spp. isolated from human brucellosis in Malaysia using high-resolution melt (HRM) analysis","volume":"81","author":"Yong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref294","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2015.05.017","article-title":"Clinical significance of serotype V among infants with invasive group B streptococcal infections in South Korea","volume":"38","author":"Yoon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref295","first-page":"12939","article-title":"Analysis of pathogens, drug resistance, sensitive antibiotic treatment and risk factors of early-onset sepsis in very low birth weight infants","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-05380-4","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance genes and molecular typing of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women","volume":"23","author":"Zakerifar","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"ref297","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15027962","DOI":"10.4238\/gmr.15027962","article-title":"Clinical analysis of cases of neonatal Streptococcus agalactiae sepsis","volume":"15","author":"Zeng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genet. Mol. Res."},{"key":"ref298","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642455","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.642455","article-title":"Emergence of invasive serotype Ib sequence type 10 group B Streptococcus disease in Chinese infants is driven by a tetracycline-sensitive clone","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820577","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.820577","article-title":"Epidemiology and drug resistance of neonatal bloodstream infection pathogens in East China children\u2019s medical center from 2016 to 2020","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref300","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220363","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1220363","article-title":"Analysis of distribution and antibiotic resistance of Gram-positive bacteria isolated from a tertiary-care hospital in southern China: an 8-year retrospective study","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref301","first-page":"2939","article-title":"Invasive group B streptococcal infection in infants in Shenzhen, China","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac331","article-title":"Genomic analysis of group B Streptococcus from neonatal sepsis reveals clonal CC17 expansion and virulence-and resistance-associated traits after intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis","volume":"75","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref303","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163312","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1163312","article-title":"Bacterial distribution and drug resistance in blood samples of children in Jiangxi Region, 2017\u20132021","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1541524\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T11:04:50Z","timestamp":1745492690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1541524\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"references-count":303,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1541524"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1541524","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"article-number":"1541524"}}