{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:13:52Z","timestamp":1792696432906,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neomycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is widely utilized for veterinary medicine in disease prevention. Biodegradation is a key pathway for the removal of neomycin from the environment. To date, only the white-rot fungus <jats:italic>Trametes versicolor<\/jats:italic> and the ericoid mycorrhizal fungus <jats:italic>Rhizoscyphus ericae<\/jats:italic> have been documented to efficiently degrade neomycin. However, no bacterial species with neomycin-degrading capabilities have been reported, underscoring a significant gap in microbial research related to neomycin remediation. In this study, <jats:italic>Cupriavidus basilensis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bacillus velezensis<\/jats:italic> were isolated from pharmaceutical wastewater and neomycin-free mangrove soil through enrichment culture and gradual acclimatization, respectively. These isolates demonstrated neomycin degradation rates of 46.4 and 37.6% in 96\u202fh with 100\u202fmg\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> neomycin as the sole carbon source. <jats:italic>Cupriavidus basilensis<\/jats:italic> achieved a degradation rate of 50.83% with ammonium sulfate supplementation, while <jats:italic>Bacillus velezensis<\/jats:italic> exhibited a superior degradation efficiency of 58.44% with soluble starch. Our findings offer valuable insights into the microbial degradation of neomycin. Two neomycin-degrading bacteria were isolated for the first time. Both species degraded neomycin as the sole carbon source or under co-metabolic conditions within 4 days. Microorganisms from neomycin-free environments adapted to neomycin stress and outperformed those from contaminated sources. This challenges the assumption that antibiotic-degrading microorganisms mainly originate from polluted environments. The findings expand the diversity of known neomycin-degrading microorganisms and demonstrate their potential for removing refractory neomycin from pharmaceutical wastewater.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1544888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T17:15:49Z","timestamp":1738170949000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Efficient degradation of neomycin by Bacillus velezensis and Cupriavidus basilensis isolated from mangrove soil and pharmaceutical wastewater"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenzhuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128726","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.128726","article-title":"Effective degradation of tetracycline by manganese peroxidase producing Bacillus velezensis strain Al-Dhabi 140 from Saudi Arabia using fibrous-bed reactor","volume":"268","author":"Al-Dhabi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.142865","article-title":"Antibiotics in surface water of east and southeast Asian countries: a focused review on contamination status, pollution sources, potential risks, and future perspectives","volume":"764","author":"Anh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. 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