{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:03:45Z","timestamp":1753891425934,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Common antifungal susceptibility testing methods are often time-consuming and subject to interpretation bias in endpoint determination, making them inadequate for clinical applications. We aim to develop a rapid and accurate quantitative method for routine antifungal susceptibility testing in diagnostic laboratories by employing the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen TBP-2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The AIE luminogen TBP-2 with two positive charges was introduced to develop an antifungal susceptibility testing protocol based on the reference broth microdilution (BMD) method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of different drugs against <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> was determined by detecting changes in fluorescence intensity. A total of 76 clinical isolates of <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>) were collected to evaluate the performance of the platform. The results obtained by the TBP-2-based method were compared with those obtained by the reference BMD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The TBP-2-based method enables endpoint determination by detecting fluorescence intensity after a co-incubation period of 8\u202fh with <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> in drugs. The excellent essential agreement between the TBP-2-based test and BMD among 76 clinical isolates was observed for all the four drugs. The categorical agreement between two methods was 100% for amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine, 96.1% for fluconazole and 97.4% for voriconazole. Only minor errors were found in fluconazole and voriconazole, at 3.9 and 2.6%, respectively, with no errors found in very major errors and major errors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The TBP-2-based method provides rapid and accurate quantifiable endpoints, aiding in the timely selection of appropriate antifungal therapy, and offering opportunities for automation and widespread application.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1566846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T22:39:11Z","timestamp":1743115151000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An AIE-active probe acts as novel tool for rapid and accurate quantitative antifungal susceptibility assessment"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Fen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxue","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yajuan","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qixian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renren","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Situ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongyu","family":"Rui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01840-06","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of etest and sensititre yeastone panels against the clinical and laboratory standards institute M27-A2 reference broth microdilution method for testing candida susceptibility to seven antifungal agents","volume":"45","author":"Alexander","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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