{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T16:32:24Z","timestamp":1790440344823,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biofilm-related Multidrug Resistance (MDR) is a major problem in healthcare-associated infections (HAI). Hospital surface decontamination is essential to ensure the safety of patients and to eliminate the dissemination of MDR pathogens. New eco-friendly decontamination technologies, such as UV-C irradiation, are only gaining popularity now, but their use against the biofilm of common microorganisms causing HAI has not been properly assessed. We aimed to assess the efficacy of UV-C irradiation (254 nm) in a 2-phase study by assessing its anti-biofilm effect against sessile cells from microorganisms of hospital interest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The following strains were tested: methicillin-susceptible\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MSSA) (ATCC 29213), methicillin-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MRSA) (ATCC 43300),\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      ATCC 25922,\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      ATCC 15442, and\n                      <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      (ATCC 14053), and a clinical strain of methicillin-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . First, the tested strains' UV-susceptibility was evaluated through irradiation tests on plates using different UV doses, considering both planktonic and 24 h-biofilm states. Second, the anti-biofilm effect of UV-C was evaluated on stainless steel discs contaminated with a 24 h-biofilm of each strain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      With a UV dose of 946.7 mJ\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , the UV-C irradiation on MSSA ATCC 29213, MRSA ATCC 43300, and MRSE biofilm showed a log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      reduction of 4.34 \u00b1 0.70, 4.70 \u00b1 0.60, and 4.85 \u00b1 0.98, respectively, while\n                      <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      ATCC 14053 showed higher UV-resistance in 24 h-biofilm state, being the log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      reduction of 3.17 \u00b1 0.08. Against Gram negative bacteria biofilm, a UV dose of 467.8 mJ\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      was enough to achieve a microbial titer &amp;lt; 1 CFU\/mL. Regarding the 24 h-biofilm on discs, a log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      reduction &amp;gt;3 logs was achieved with all microorganisms applying a UV dose of 946.7 mJ\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The application of UV-C irradiation could be a valid additional approach in the management of biofilm HAI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1570334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T05:30:40Z","timestamp":1753162240000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Assessment of the anti-biofilm effect of UV-C irradiation (254 nm) against healthcare associated infections related microorganisms"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Palma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"D\u00edaz-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Visedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Sanz-Ru\u00edz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Brandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuditta Fiorella","family":"Schiavano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Guembe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4943","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094943","article-title":"Strategies to tackle antimicrobial resistance: the example of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"22","author":"Antonelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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