{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T09:16:15Z","timestamp":1791882975164,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic> is a major opportunistic pathogen in hospital-acquired infections, posing challenges for clinical control. This study aimed to isolate and characterize a novel strain of <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> phage from hospital wastewater and to determine its biological properties and evaluate its <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> bacteriostatic effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> NO.424 as the host bacterium, phages were isolated and purified using the plaques method and double-layer agar method. The host spectrum and phage microscopic morphology were determined using the plaques method and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The Optimal multiplicity of infection, adsorption curve, one-step growth curve, thermal stability, acid\u2013base stability, UV tolerance, and chloroform stability were determined using the double-layer agar method. Bioinformatic functional analysis was performed after genome sequencing using the Illumina platform. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> inhibitory effects were determined using the turbidimetric method and wax borer larvae animal model, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A lytic phage vB_Aba_QH4 with a narrow host spectrum was successfully isolated and purified from a hospital wastewater sample using <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> NO.424 as the host bacterium. vB_Aba_QH4 microscopic morphology head is positively icosahedral (60\u202f\u00b1\u202f2\u202fnm) with a retractable tail (107\u202f\u00b1\u202f2\u202fnm). vB_Aba_QH4 has an optimal MOI of 0.001, an adsorption rate of 99.99% at 6\u202fmin, an incubation period of 10\u202fmin, a cleavage period of 40\u202fmin, and a burst size of 460.5 PFU\/cell. The bioactivity of vB_Aba_QH4 remained stable at 4 \u00b0C to 50 \u00b0C, and pH of 3\u201311. vB_Aba_QH4 was inactivated by UV light after 40\u202fmin of irradiation, and chloroform solution had no significant effect on the bioactivity of vB_Aba_QH4. Furthermore, vB_Aba_QH4 has a linear double-stranded DNA with a length of 45,017 bp and a GC content of 37.25%, with a total of 89 predicted open reading frames. vB_Aba_QH4 showed significant inhibition of <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> within 12\u202fh, with an inhibition rate exceeds 90%. The highest survival rates were 95 and 70% in the treatment and prevention groups, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>vB_Aba_QH4 possesses strong environmental tolerance, rapid adsorption capacity, and good cleavage power, with <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> bacterial inhibition experiments showing good antimicrobial effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1638702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T22:29:31Z","timestamp":1758925771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Biological characterization and antibacterial effects of a novel virulent Acinetobacter baumannii phage strain vB_Aba_QH4 in vitro and in vivo"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Ruizhe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Jianwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Xiangren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01876","article-title":"Genomic and proteomic characterizations of Sfin-1, a novel lytic phage infecting multidrug-resistant Shigella spp. and Escherichia coli C","volume":"10","author":"Ahamed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. 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