{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T23:45:27Z","timestamp":1768952727019,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In this study, we isolated\n                    <jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. strain M-Br, a bromate (BrO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    )-reducing bacterium, from seawater. In the presence of lactate as the electron donor, this strain reduced 250\u202f\u03bcM bromate to bromide (Br\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) in 3 days. Interestingly, bromate reduction by M-Br was ferric iron [Fe(III)]-dependent, and its bromate reduction rate was proportional to the Fe(III) concentration in the medium. Subsequently, a washed cell suspension of M-Br was prepared to determine whether the effect of Fe(III) on bromate reduction by M-Br is due to the endogenous iron sources, such as\n                    <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                    -type cytochromes, or exogenous iron sources, such as redox mediators. Notably, cells pre-grown in the absence of Fe(III) did not reduce bromate, regardless of the addition of exogenous Fe(III). In contrast, cells pre-grown with Fe(III) reduced bromate upon the addition of exogenous Fe(III) to the cell suspension. Such iron-dependent bromate reduction was also observed in other\n                    <jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n                    species, such as\n                    <jats:italic>S. putrefaciens<\/jats:italic>\n                    CN-32 and\n                    <jats:italic>S. oneidensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    MR-1. Our results suggest that both endogenous and exogenous iron are essential for bromate reduction by\n                    <jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Based on these results, we proposed a model, in which outer membrane multi-heme cytochromes, such as MtrC and OmcA, reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II), which further chemically reduces bromate to bromide. Such bacteria are useful for the removal of bromate, a potential human carcinogen, from drinking water.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1643578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T11:37:04Z","timestamp":1768909024000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bromate reduction by Shewanella species depends on both endogenous and exogenous iron"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Natsuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Fujiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruhiko","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeki","family":"Yamamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Environment Conservation Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies","place":["Tsukuba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seigo","family":"Amachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University","place":["Chiba, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2011.09.076","article-title":"Bromate removal by anaerobic bacterial community: mechanism and phylogenetic characterization","volume":"197","author":"Assun\u00e7\u00e3o","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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