{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:15:12Z","timestamp":1790903712823,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Carbapenem-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CRAB) poses a significant global health challenge owing to its high mortality rates and widespread antibiotic resistance. While the clinical utility of last-resort antibiotics, such as colistin, remains limited. Consequently, developing novel antimicrobial agents is imperative. Antimicrobial peptides have emerged as promising candidates against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Animal venom constitutes a rich reservoir of bioactive peptides.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, in vitro experiments were conducted to assess the antibacterial activity of the scorpion-derived peptide AaeAP2a against CRAB, its inhibition of biofilm formation, as well as its stability and biocompatibility. Additionally, the antibacterial mechanism was investigated, and in vivo efficacy was evaluated using a mouse model of peritonitis-associated sepsis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      AaeAP2a exhibits potent antibacterial activity against CRAB and a significant inhibitory effect on biofilm formation. Moreover, AaeAP2a maintains high stability under a broad range of stressful physicochemical conditions and exhibits promising biocompatibility\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Mechanistically, AaeAP2a disrupts bacterial membrane integrity, increases membrane permeability, reduces the NAD\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/NADH ratio, dissipates the proton motive force, decreases ATP production, and induces reactive oxygen species and hydroxyl radical accumulation. Moreover, in a mouse model of peritonitis-associated sepsis, AaeAP2a treatment enhanced survival rates and reduced bacterial burdens in key organs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings underscore the potential of AaeAP2a as a promising therapeutic agent for CRAB infections, offering novel strategies for addressing antimicrobial resistance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1673333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T06:26:11Z","timestamp":1761632771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["AaeAP2a, a scorpion-derived antimicrobial peptide, combats carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii via membrane disruption and triggered metabolic collapse"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Weiyu","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liuwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haolei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuliang","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huarun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bolin","family":"Hang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longfei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuehan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruibiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyuan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunling","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueyu","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhe","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12061005","article-title":"Combating bacterial biofilms: current and emerging Antibiofilm strategies for treating persistent infections","volume":"12","author":"Abdelhamid","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01069-25","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01069-25","article-title":"Comparative proteomics of biofilm development in Pseudoalteromonas tunicata discovers a distinct family of Ca2+\u2212dependent adhesins","volume":"16","author":"Ali","year":"2025","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771510","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.771510","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance: one health one world outlook","volume":"11","author":"Aslam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. 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