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Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a globally present zoonotic disease caused by\n                      <jats:italic>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) infection, characterized by the formation of tumor-like growths primarily in the liver, with the potential to spread to other organs. Similar to tumors,\n                      <jats:italic>E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection is accompanied by pathological angiogenesis, suggesting that the implementation of anti-angiogenic therapeutic strategies may also have promising applications in the treatment of AE. However, the mechanism of angiogenesis in AE remains unclear and has not been fully elucidated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, we discovered that angiogenesis related genes are significantly up-regulated in the mouse model of\n                      <jats:italic>E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and pathological angiogenesis around the lesion was significantly increased at 10\u201312 weeks after infection compared to the control group. Interventions utilizing a range of inhibitors at the\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      level, including the PDGFR-\u03b2 inhibitor AG1296, the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, the AKT inhibitor MK2206, and the FAK inhibitor Y15, demonstrated that\n                      <jats:italic>E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      protoscoleces protein (EmP) induces angiogenesis through PDGFR\/PI3K\/AKT\/FAK signaling pathway.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our findings provide new perspectives on how\n                      <jats:italic>E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection triggers pathological angiogenesis in the host liver, and may provide a novel anti-angiogenic therapeutic strategy against\n                      <jats:italic>E. multilocularis<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1686956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T06:27:25Z","timestamp":1763360845000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Host angiogenic reprogramming by Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces protein via PDGFR\/PI3K\/AKT cascade"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Bi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junlong","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingmei","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guodong","family":"L\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuerganaili","family":"Aji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renyong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2018.11.002","article-title":"Paeoniflorin in experimental BALB\/c mansoniasis: a novel anti-angiogenic therapy","volume":"197","author":"Abd El-Aal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. 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