{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T06:43:56Z","timestamp":1764225836098,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the effects of stage-specific supplementation with 0.1% resveratrol on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal microbiota in Cherry Valley ducks from 1 to 42 days of age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 300 1-day-old Cherry Valley ducks were randomly allocated into a control group (C) and four treatment groups (R1~R4). Resveratrol was administered via diet at 14, 21, 28, or 35 days of age until 42 days. Growth performance, slaughter traits, serum immune indices, and intestinal microbiota were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In growth performance, the R1~R4 groups exhibited significantly improved slaughtering rates compared to the control (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.01). The R1&amp;amp;R2 groups showed marked elevations in semi-evisceration rates (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001), while the R1 group displayed a significant increase in full-evisceration rate (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.01). In terms of immune function, the R4 group demonstrated elevated serum IgA levels by 46.37%. All treatment groups exhibited upward trends in IgG. Complement C3 in the R2 group was markedly higher than the control (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.0001). Interleukins IL-2 and IL4 were significantly upregulated in R1&amp;amp;R2 groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.01). Thymus and spleen indices showed increasing trends in R3&amp;amp;R4 and R4 groups, respectively. With respect to intestinal microbiota, \u03b1-Diversity indices were significantly enhanced in R2&amp;amp;R4 groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). \u03b2-Diversity analysis revealed distinct clustering between treated groups and controls. LEfSe analysis identified Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Faecalibacterium as biomarkers in R2&amp;amp;R4 groups, with pathogenic genera (Prevotellaceae, Desulfovibrio) reduced.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Resveratrol supplementation improved slaughtering performance, immune competence, and intestinal homeostasis in Cherry Valley ducks. Resveratrol supplementation from day 21 (R2 group) showed the most favorable outcomes for growth-immunity-microbiota axis regulation, highlighting its potential as a precision nutrition strategy in waterfowl aquaculture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1689994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T06:30:48Z","timestamp":1764225048000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of resveratrol on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal microbiota in Cherry Valley ducks"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Tiantian","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonghai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xintong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fayi","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.2012.12683","article-title":"Effects of resveratrol and essential oils on growth performance, immunity, digestibility and fecal microbial shedding in challenged piglets","volume":"26","author":"Ahmed","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian-Australas J. 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