{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T14:57:56Z","timestamp":1781362676107,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a public health challenge that urgently needs to be addressed globally. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as metabolic products of gut microbiota, have increasingly attracted attention for their role in the pathogenesis of T2DM. This study employs bibliometric and visual analysis methods, aiming to systematically depict the knowledge structure, research hotspots, and future directions in this field.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We screened 965 publications on SCFAs and T2DM from the Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases. Visual analysis was conducted by using tools such as VOSviewer and CiteSpace.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Since 2016 publications in this field have increased rapidly. China leads in publication volume, while the United States plays a central role in collaboration and academic influence. Key contributors include Max Nieuwdorp and Fredrik B\u00e4ckhed. King's College London shows strong academic impact, and\n                      <jats:italic>Nature<\/jats:italic>\n                      is the most influential journal. Keyword analysis highlights the importance of \u201cgut microbiota,\u201d \u201cmetabolomics,\u201d \u201cmicrobial metabolism,\u201d \u201cinsulin resistance,\u201d and \u201cdietary intervention.\u201d These topics suggest future research will focus on signaling pathways, personalized nutrition, and microbial interventions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current research focuses on a deep exploration of the role and mechanism of SCFAs in T2DM, and it aims to transition from basic research to clinical research. In terms of application, clinical workers are shifting from macroscopic dietary intervention to more precise dietary formulation strategies. The development of technologies such as metabolomics is expected to provide more powerful support for basic research and promote further progress in this field.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1697421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T06:32:34Z","timestamp":1762929154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Short-chain fatty acids and type 2 diabetes: a bibliometric analysis of knowledge structure, research hotspots, and future directions"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Likun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongsheng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinxu","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.1.64","article-title":"Consumption of fructooligosaccharides does not favorably affect blood glucose and serum lipid concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"69","author":"Alles","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v14.i10.1502","article-title":"Gut microbiome supplementation as therapy for metabolic syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Antony","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J. Diabetes"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2017.08.007","article-title":"bibliometrix : an R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis","volume":"11","author":"Aria","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Informetr."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.07.017","article-title":"The central role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology and management of type 2 diabetes","volume":"32","author":"Baars","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1093\/bbb\/zbaf071","article-title":"Enhancement of carbohydrate metabolism by probiotic and prebiotic intake promotes short-chain fatty acid production in the gut microbiome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Biosci. Biotechnol","volume":"89","author":"Baba","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochem"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci11030061","article-title":"bibliometric analysis of the rise of ChatGPT in medical research","volume":"11","author":"Barrington","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Sci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11312","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M211609200","volume":"278","author":"Brown","year":"2003"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0156-z","article-title":"Gut microbial metabolites in obesity, NAFLD and T2DM","volume":"15","author":"Canfora","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-1491","article-title":"Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"56","author":"Cani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-1403","article-title":"Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet\u2013induced obesity and diabetes in mice","volume":"57","author":"Cani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2018.24.9-a.s5","article-title":"Burden of illness in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"24","author":"Cannon","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Manag. Care Spec. Pharm."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2025.137606","article-title":"Continuous supercritical emulsion extraction for the co-encapsulation of butyrate and propionate nanoparticles in PLGA microparticles for colonic release","volume":"725","author":"Carvalho","year":"2025","journal-title":"Colloids Surf."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100685","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v15.i1.100685","article-title":"Comprehensive bibliometric analysis of pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorders: present trends and future directions","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"World J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5303","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0307513100","article-title":"Searching for intellectual turning points: progressive knowledge domain visualization","volume":"101","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01300","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.01300-22","article-title":"Adjunctive probio-X treatment enhances the therapeutic effect of a conventional drug in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus by promoting short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and bile acid pathways","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Msystems"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a000588","DOI":"10.1101\/mcs.a000588","article-title":"Metabolomics: an emerging but powerful tool for precision medicine","volume":"1","author":"Clish","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Case Stud."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4759","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-013-1419-9","article-title":"The therapeutic potential of GPR43: a novel role in modulating metabolic health","volume":"70","author":"Cornall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.28.10.1221","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids in human large intestine, portal, hepatic and venous blood","volume":"28","author":"Cummings","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60679-X","article-title":"National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2\u00b77 million participants","volume":"378","author":"Danaei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000444","article-title":"Microbe profile: akkermansia muciniphila: a conserved intestinal symbiont that acts as the gatekeeper of our mucosa: this article is part of the microbe profiles collection","volume":"163","author":"De Vos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-326789","article-title":"Gut microbiome and health: mechanistic insights","volume":"71","author":"De Vos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R036012","article-title":"The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism","volume":"54","author":"Den Besten","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925390","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.925390","article-title":"A high-fat diet disrupts the hepatic and adipose circadian rhythms and modulates the diurnal rhythm of gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in gestational mice","volume":"9","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.03.001","article-title":"Mechanisms of action and therapeutic application of glucagon-like peptide-1","volume":"27","author":"Drucker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. Metab."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15766","article-title":"Disentangling type 2 diabetes and metformin treatment signatures in the human gut microbiota","volume":"528","author":"Forslund","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3611","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4611","article-title":"The short-chain fatty acid acetate reduces appetite via a central homeostatic mechanism","volume":"5","author":"Frost","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04567-7","article-title":"Environmental factors shaping the gut microbiome in a dutch population","volume":"604","author":"Gacesa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.62186\/001c.129134","article-title":"Bibliometric analysis methods for the medical literature","author":"Ganti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acad. Med. Surg."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1637","article-title":"Butyrate improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in mice","volume":"58","author":"Gao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11081943","article-title":"The short-chain fatty acid acetate in body weight control and insulin sensitivity","volume":"11","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.139514","article-title":"Vinegar-processed schisandra chinensis polysaccharide ameliorates type 2 diabetes via modulation serum metabolic profiles, gut microbiota, and fecal SCFAs","volume":"294","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2014681118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2014681118","article-title":"Butyrate enhances CPT1A activity to promote fatty acid oxidation and iTreg differentiation","volume":"118","author":"Hao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e310502","DOI":"10.3145\/epi.2022.sep.02","article-title":"SCImago graphica: a new tool for exploring and visually communicating data","volume":"31","author":"Hassan-Montero","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prof. Inf."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2293312","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2293312","article-title":"Akkermansia muciniphila protects the intestine from irradiation-induced injury by secretion of propionic acid","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4477","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32015-7","article-title":"Oral administration of blautia wexlerae ameliorates obesity and type 2 diabetes via metabolic remodeling of the gut microbiota","volume":"13","author":"Hosomi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235955","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1235955","article-title":"Bibliometric analysis of the current status and trends on medical hyperspectral imaging","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12198","article-title":"Gut metagenome in european women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control","volume":"498","author":"Karlsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.03.005","article-title":"Crosstalk between microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and intestinal epithelial HIF augments tissue barrier function","volume":"17","author":"Kelly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Host Microbe."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00085","article-title":"The SCFA receptor GPR43 and energy metabolism","volume":"5","author":"Kimura","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2025.04.018","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acid kinetics and concentrations are higher after inulin supplementation in young and older adults: a randomized trial","volume":"121","author":"Kirschner","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.041","article-title":"From dietary fiber to host physiology: short-chain fatty acids as key bacterial metabolites","volume":"165","author":"Koh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402208","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02208-2024","article-title":"Butyrate-producing gut bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii protects against bacterial pneumonia","volume":"7","author":"Kullberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9600.1000662","article-title":"An enteral formula containing fermented milk products and prebiotics promotes glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion via short chain fatty acid signaling","volume":"8","author":"Kume","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Food Sci."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9085","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009085","article-title":"Gut microbiota in human adults with type 2 diabetes differs from non-diabetic adults","volume":"5","author":"Larsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.136097","article-title":"Low molecular weight polysaccharide of tremella fuciformis exhibits stronger antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities than high molecular weight polysaccharide","volume":"281","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3211","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13093211","article-title":"Mechanisms of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics on metabolic diseases targeting gut microbiota: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1080\/09537325.2016.1220518","article-title":"An exploration to visualise the emerging trends of technology foresight based on an improved technique of co-word analysis and relevant literature data of WOS","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00533","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory effects of short chain fatty acids on lipopolysaccharide- or tumor necrosis factor \u03b1-stimulated endothelial cells via activation of GPR41\/43 and inhibition of HDACs","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35240","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035240","article-title":"Butyrate and propionate protect against diet-induced obesity and regulate gut hormones via free fatty acid receptor 3-independent mechanisms","volume":"7","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19950123","article-title":"Differences in propionate-induced inhibition of cholesterol and triacylglycerol synthesis between human and rat hepatocytes in primary culture","volume":"74","author":"Lin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-025-04186-9","article-title":"Circulating short-chain fatty acids and Mediterranean food patterns. A potential role for the prediction of type 2 diabetes risk: the di@bet.es study","volume":"23","author":"Llaurad\u00f3","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01951-9","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: pathogenesis, prevention and therapy","volume":"9","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target. Ther."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051474","article-title":"The firmicutes\/bacteroidetes ratio: a relevant marker of gut dysbiosis in obese patients?","volume":"12","author":"Magne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.05.012","article-title":"The impact of dietary fiber on gut microbiota in host health and disease","volume":"23","author":"Makki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.06.020","article-title":"Micronutrient supplementation influences the composition and diet-originating function of the gut microbiome in healthy adults","volume":"51","author":"Mckirdy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-025-01183-w","article-title":"Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and their role in human health and disease","volume":"23","author":"Mukhopadhya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030859","article-title":"Dietary fiber, gut microbiota, and metabolic regulation\u2014current status in human randomized trials","volume":"12","author":"Myhrstad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-food-032519-051743","article-title":"Effects of nondigestible oligosaccharides on obesity","volume":"11","author":"Nie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuad042","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids and insulin sensitivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"82","author":"Pham","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2016.03.011","article-title":"SCFA receptors in pancreatic \u03b2 cells: novel diabetes targets?","volume":"27","author":"Priyadarshini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11450","article-title":"A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes","volume":"490","author":"Qin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114510003363","article-title":"Prebiotic effects: metabolic and health benefits","volume":"104","author":"Roberfroid","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6444","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26216444","article-title":"Development and validation of a LC-MS\/MS technique for the analysis of short chain fatty acids in tissues and biological fluids without derivatisation using isotope labelled internal standards","volume":"26","author":"Saha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-021-01727-5","article-title":"The relationship between gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the possible role of dietary fibre","volume":"58","author":"Salamone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqac175","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids are key mediators of the favorable effects of the Mediterranean diet on intestinal barrier integrity: data from the randomized controlled LIBRE trial","volume":"116","author":"Seethaler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2023.11.047","article-title":"Combined analysis of cross-population healthy adult human microbiome reveals consistent differences in gut microbial characteristics between western and non-western countries","volume":"23","author":"Sheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18846","article-title":"Diet\u2013microbiota interactions as moderators of human metabolism","volume":"535","author":"Sonnenburg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7258.405","article-title":"Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study","volume":"321","author":"Stratton","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.309715","article-title":"Gut microbiota in cardiovascular health and disease","volume":"120","author":"Tang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.5.860","article-title":"Propionate lowers blood glucose and alters lipid metabolism in healthy subjects","volume":"54","author":"Todesco","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-1019","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion via the G-protein\u2013coupled receptor FFAR2","volume":"61","author":"Tolhurst","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11552","article-title":"Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism","volume":"489","author":"Tremaroli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05414","article-title":"An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest","volume":"444","author":"Turnbaugh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-009-0146-3","article-title":"Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping","volume":"84","author":"Van Eck","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-024-00533-5","article-title":"Investigating the response of the butyrate production potential to major fibers in dietary intervention studies","volume":"10","author":"Van-Wehle","year":"2024","journal-title":"npj Biofilms Microb."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-024-00966-0","article-title":"The individual response to antibiotics and diet \u2014 insights into gut microbial resilience and host metabolism","volume":"20","author":"Vliex","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/75.6.1023","article-title":"Do colonic short-chain fatty acids contribute to the long-term adaptation of blood lipids in subjects with type 2 diabetes consuming a high-fiber diet?","volume":"75","author":"Wolever","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4345","article-title":"Metformin alters the gut microbiome of individuals with treatment-naive type 2 diabetes, contributing to the therapeutic effects of the drug","volume":"23","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412991","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1412991","article-title":"Age over sex: evaluating gut microbiota differences in healthy chinese populations","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-18-0137","article-title":"Sodium butyrate supplementation ameliorates diabetic inflammation in db\/db mice","volume":"238","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.60668","article-title":"Improvement of obesity and glucose tolerance by acetate in type 2 diabetic otsuka long-evans tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats","volume":"71","author":"Yamashita","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2013.06.012","article-title":"In vitro characterization of the impact of selected dietary fibers on fecal microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid production","volume":"23","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S404352","article-title":"Comprehensive study of untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA reveals the mechanism of fecal microbiota transplantation in improving a mouse model of T2D","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104985","article-title":"A specific gut microbiota and metabolomic profiles shifts related to antidiabetic action: the similar and complementary antidiabetic properties of type 3 resistant starch from canna edulis and metformin","volume":"159","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205846","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1205846","article-title":"The gut-retina axis: a new perspective in the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e181","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.181","article-title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG triggers intestinal epithelium injury in zebrafish revealing host dependent beneficial effects","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Imeta"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao5774","article-title":"Gut bacteria selectively promoted by dietary fibers alleviate type 2 diabetes","volume":"359","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.107041","article-title":"Effects of short-chain fatty acids on blood glucose and lipid levels in mouse models of diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"199","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797902","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.797902","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of exercise on cancer: a bibliometrics study and visualization analysis via CiteSpace","volume":"8","author":"Zhong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02317-1","article-title":"Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants","volume":"404","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1039\/D4FO05835F","article-title":"Bifidobacterium bifidum CCFM1163 alleviates cathartic colon by activating the BDNF-TrkB-PLC\/IP3 pathway to reconstruct the intestinal nerve and barrier","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Funct."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1697421\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T06:32:35Z","timestamp":1762929155000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1697421\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"references-count":91,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1697421"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1697421","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"article-number":"1697421"}}