{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T05:06:36Z","timestamp":1783573596037,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Shrimp was the leading food vehicle for\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio parahaemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    outbreaks in China, yet studies on\n                    <jats:italic>V. parahaemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in globally predominant farmed shrimp (\n                    <jats:italic>Litopenaeus vannamei<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) - particularly in freshwater culture remain limited. This study aimed to investigate and evaluate the contamination of\n                    <jats:italic>V. parahaemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in freshwater-farmed marine shrimp (\n                    <jats:italic>L. vannamei<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in China. The prevalence and bacterial load of\n                    <jats:italic>V. parahaemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in shrimps were assessed by China China National Standard GB 4789.7-2013 and isolates were obtained for genomic analysis. The prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>V. parahaemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in shrimp samples was 39.1% and the bacteria load ranged from 3.6 MPN\/g to 24,000 MPN\/g. Analysis on isolates demonstrated that 75.8% (94\/124) were assigned to 28 sequence types (STs), whereas 24.2% STs were unknown. All isolates harbored 24 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), of which\n                    <jats:italic>tet(34)<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>tet(35)<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CARB<\/jats:sub>\n                    were harbored in all isolates. There was a significant correlation between\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CARB<\/jats:sub>\n                    types and STs, with isolates sharing identical STs carried the same blaCARB variant. The\n                    <jats:italic>trh<\/jats:italic>\n                    + isolates (9.7%, 12\/124) was simultaneously coexisted with\n                    <jats:italic>hlyB<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>hlyC<\/jats:italic>\n                    . All four ST79 strains harbored\n                    <jats:italic>trh<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>hlyB<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>hlyC<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CARB_46<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Our findings elucidated the contamination of\n                    <jats:italic>V. parahaemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in freshwater-farmed\n                    <jats:italic>L. vannamei<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with heavy bacteria load in Fujian province. The emergence of specific ST co-harboring critical virulence genes and ARGs indicating the necessity for targeted surveillance and specified control in aquaculture systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1713237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T06:47:24Z","timestamp":1765349244000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevalence, bacterial load, and genomic characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in freshwater-farmed Litopenaeus vannamei from China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Feifei","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zunhua","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Jinan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peibin","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Jinan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Jinan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronghua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jining Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Jining, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Zhangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaofei","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghui","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes for Food and Drug Control","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunchang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1655-8","article-title":"Genomic and evolutionary features of two AHPND positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from shrimp (Penaeus monodon) of south-West Bangladesh","volume":"19","author":"Ahmmed","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110737","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility and genomic characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from aquatic foods in 15 provinces, China, 2020","volume":"418","author":"Bai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. 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