{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T08:49:55Z","timestamp":1771922995203,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Lycopene, a vital antioxidant, can reduce oxidative damage to cells caused by reactive oxygen, prevent cancer, lower blood cholesterol levels, and mitigate cardiovascular diseases. We screened a lycopene-producing strain of the genus\n                      <jats:italic>Polymorphospora<\/jats:italic>\n                      , designated A560, and discovered that its metabolic pathway lacks the lycopene\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      -cyclase gene\n                      <jats:italic>crtY<\/jats:italic>\n                      , which is responsible for converting lycopene into\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      -carotene. The absence of\n                      <jats:italic>crtY<\/jats:italic>\n                      alleviates the challenges associated with the addition of a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, which previously hindered the large-scale accumulation of lycopene in\n                      <jats:italic>Blakeslea trispora<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was conducted to enhance lycopene production in strain A560 through a multi-stage optimization strategy, focusing on improving extraction efficiency and optimizing culture medium components. The extraction conditions were optimized by testing different solvent systems (acetone\/n-hexane\/ethanol), extraction temperatures, and durations. Subsequently, a uniform design (UD) was applied to systematically optimize the composition of the culture medium to maximize lycopene yield.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The extraction conditions were systematically optimized. A crushing duration of 4\u202fmin was identified as optimal for complete cell disruption. The most efficient solvent system was determined to be n-hexane\/ethanol (2:1,\n                      <jats:italic>v\/v<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) at 60\u202f\u00b0C, which yielded 62.05\u202f\u00b1\u202f4.68\u202fmg\/L of lycopene\u2014a 37.13% increase over extraction with acetone at room temperature (45.25\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.98\u202fmg\/L). Subsequent medium optimization through a uniform design revealed that soluble starch and glycerol were critical components. Cultivation in the theoretically optimized medium predicted by the model resulted in a lycopene yield of 142.54\u202f\u00b1\u202f8.58\u202fmg\/L. Finally, regulating the oxygen supply by adjusting the flask\u2019s volume of air to a medium volume (\n                      <jats:italic>Va\/Vm<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) ratio proved crucial. The highest lycopene production of 201.44\u202f\u00b1\u202f6.23\u202fmg\/L was achieved at a\n                      <jats:italic>Va\/Vm<\/jats:italic>\n                      ratio of 1.5, which marks a 224.64% improvement over the yield obtained after the initial extraction optimization (62.05\u202f\u00b1\u202f4.68\u202fmg\/L).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The extraction and fermentation processes for lycopene production in\n                      <jats:italic>Polymorphospora<\/jats:italic>\n                      sp. A560 were successfully optimized, resulting in significantly enhanced yields. These results demonstrate that strain A560 is a promising microbial resource for the fermentative production of lycopene.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1723758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T06:54:13Z","timestamp":1769064853000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Polymorphospora lycopeni A560, a new strain capable of producing lycopene, and its optimal fermentation and extraction conditions"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiaomin","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Hebei University","place":["Baoding, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shilong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Hebei University","place":["Baoding, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Hebei University","place":["Baoding, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zihao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Hebei University","place":["Baoding, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiumin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Hebei University","place":["Baoding, Hebei, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province","place":["Baoding, Hebei, China"]},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Microbial Breeding and Conservation","place":["Baoding, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2021.109501","article-title":"Elucidating of oxidative distress in COVID-19 and methods of its prevention","volume":"344","author":"Barciszewska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. 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