{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:21:17Z","timestamp":1792182077296,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The resistance of avian pathogenic\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>APEC<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) poses a serious challenge to the control of bacterial diseases in the poultry industry. Identification of useful phages as alternatives to antibiotics for\n                      <jats:italic>APEC<\/jats:italic>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>78<\/jats:sub>\n                      is a priority.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The phage LQ5 was isolated from the contents of the chicken intestines. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq 2500 platform, and then bioinformatics analysis was conducted on the genome. The application effect of LQ5 in the O\n                      <jats:sub>78<\/jats:sub>\n                      infection model of chickens was systematically evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The phage LQ5 was identified as a member of\n                      <jats:italic>Myoviridae<\/jats:italic>\n                      by electron microscopy. Whole-genome sequencing showed that phage LQ5 is a double strand DNA virus with a genome of 171,908 bp containing active components, such as endolysin, holin lysis mediator. Comparison of the bacterial load of\n                      <jats:italic>APEC<\/jats:italic>\n                      in chicken liver and spleen tissue in samples treated with phage LQ5 and Amoxicillin showed that the phage LQ5 reduced the bacterial load compared with the antibiotic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These results have enriched the information of the phage gene bank for\n                      <jats:italic>APEC<\/jats:italic>\n                      , laying the foundation for the development of targeted phage biocontrol agents against the\n                      <jats:italic>APEC<\/jats:italic>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>78<\/jats:sub>\n                      strain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Wuhan, China"]},{"name":"Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tengfei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Institute of Animal Husbandry 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