{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:26:22Z","timestamp":1792189582966,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fungi play a dual role as indispensable ecological engineers and as major agents of disease in humans, animals, and plants. Recent estimates highlight their substantial impact, with millions of invasive infections annually and severe agricultural losses threatening food security. At the same time, fungi underpin ecosystem services such as decomposition, soil aggregation, and carbon sequestration, while also serving as prolific sources of enzymes, metabolites, and sustainable biomaterials. Advances in single-cell and spatial omics, cryo-electron microscopy, AlphaFold-based structural predictions, and machine learning applied to biosynthetic gene clusters are transforming the study of fungal pathogenicity, symbiosis, and metabolism. These approaches are shifting fungal research from descriptive biology toward predictive, translational pipelines that connect mechanistic insights to drug discovery, resistance management, and biotechnological innovation. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including antifungal resistance, climate-driven emergence of new pathogens, limited therapeutic options, and bottlenecks in scaling fungal applications for sustainability. Addressing these requires integrated One Health strategies that bridge clinical, agricultural, and environmental perspectives. By uniting structural biology, omics, genome editing, and computational tools within a global framework, fungal biology can be harnessed not only to mitigate emerging risks but also to drive innovations in medicine, agriculture, and green technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1743670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T16:49:26Z","timestamp":1771433366000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fungi between threat and promise: global perspectives on health and innovation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Yen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Pong Dermatologic and Aesthetic Clinic, Taipei","place":["Taiwan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santosh","family":"Chokkakula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju","place":["Chungbuk, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuppusamy","family":"Sathishkumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore","place":["Tamil Nadu, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Mujahid","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah G.","family":"Al-Sehemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University and Jinan University Institute of Dermatology","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siomui","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University and Jinan University Institute of Dermatology","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gnanaprakash","family":"Jeyaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Kancheepuram","place":["Tamil Nadu, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07487-w","article-title":"Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3.","volume":"630","author":"Abramson","year":"","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E4","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08416-7","article-title":"Addendum: Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3.","volume":"636","author":"Abramson","year":"","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e59210","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.59210","article-title":"Fosmanogepix: The novel anti-fungal agent\u2019s comprehensive review of in vitro, in vivo, and current insights from advancing clinical trials.","volume":"16","author":"Almajid","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11020093","article-title":"Fungal metabolomics: A comprehensive approach to understanding pathogenesis in humans and identifying potential therapeutics.","volume":"11","author":"Alves","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. 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