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Clinically, it manifests through a series of symptoms, including eye redness, pain, and blurred vision, which significantly impact the quality of life for patients worldwide. Recently, the role of gut microbiota (GM) in the immune regulation and pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases has garnered significant scientific interest. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between GM and uveitis, with the objective of demonstrating novel mechanisms underlying inflammatory ocular diseases through the emerging concept of the \u201cgut-eye axis.\u201d Current research suggests that gut dysbiosis may influence the immune status of distal organs via various pathways, including molecular mimicry, modulation by microbial metabolites, disruption of intestinal immune homeostasis, and compromise of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Building on these mechanisms, we further explored innovative therapeutic strategies targeting GM and its metabolites, including probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, immunomodulators, phage therapy, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions. This review systematically examined the association between GM dysbiosis and uveitis pathogenesis, offering new insights and directions for future research in this emerging field and establishing a theoretical foundation for developing targeted therapies based on the modulation of the microbiome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1749111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T05:47:40Z","timestamp":1776836860000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Gut microbiota and uveitis: exploring novel mechanisms of inflammatory ocular diseases via the gut-eye axis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Qing","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunhua","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoping","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiyan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Houpan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha","place":["Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-022-00496-5","article-title":"Three-year evaluation of the nosocomial infections in pediatrics: Bacterial and fungal profile and antimicrobial resistance pattern.","volume":"21","author":"Afsharipour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. 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