{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:00:04Z","timestamp":1790823604453,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Because few studies have focused on recurrent\n                    <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    bacteremia, we investigated two clinical cases of patients with common variable immunodeficiency and repeated\n                    <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    bacteremia over a period of 6\u201310\u202fyears. We analyzed and compared genomes from isolates obtained from both patients during follow-up. For patient #1, 18 isolates of\n                    <jats:italic>Campylobacter coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 17 isolates of\n                    <jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                    were obtained from 2014 to 2024. For patient #2, 10 isolates of\n                    <jats:italic>C. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    were obtained from 2019 to 2024. Next-generation sequencing was used to identify species, characterize antimicrobial resistance, perform multilocus sequence typing, and analyze core-genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms, as well as to uncover potential sources of contamination. For patient #1, all 18\n                    <jats:italic>C. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates obtained from 2022 to 2024 were from the same clonal complex and source of contamination (chicken) and exhibited high levels of genomic resemblance based on core-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis. Each\n                    <jats:italic>C. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolate probably originated from the same initial strain. However, two clusters of\n                    <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                    were identified: one consisting of isolates from 2014 and the other consisting of the remaining isolates from 2022 to 2024. A\n                    <jats:italic>16S rRNA<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation in position A1387G was present in four\n                    <jats:italic>C. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from 2022 and 2023, and this was associated with gentamicin resistance. One\n                    <jats:italic>C. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolate was also resistant to ertapenem and exhibited an amino acid duplication within the PorA protein sequence. For patient #2, each\n                    <jats:italic>C. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolate was from the same clonal complex, which was of porcine origin. Similar to patient #1, three of the isolates from 2023 had an A1464G\n                    <jats:italic>16S rRNA<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation and were gentamicin resistant. Retrospective analyses of antimicrobial use for both patients highlighted an association between antimicrobial selection pressure and the emergence of resistance markers, suggesting\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    selection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1750824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T04:30:48Z","timestamp":1775017848000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antimicrobial use on Campylobacter revealed by next-generation sequencing in patients with common variable immunodeficiency"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Quentin","family":"Jehanne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Bordeaux, CNR des Campylobacters et des H\u00e9licobacters","place":["Bordeaux, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Conrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils De Lyon, Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales","place":["Lyon, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00eble Nove","family":"Josserand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils De Lyon, Service De M\u00e9decine Interne Et Pathologie Vasculaire","place":["Lyon, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Benech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils De Lyon, Service D\u2019H\u00e9patogastroent\u00e9rologie","place":["Lyon, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Marie","family":"Schatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils De Lyon, Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales","place":["Lyon, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"B\u00e9n\u00e9jat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Bordeaux, CNR des Campylobacters et des H\u00e9licobacters","place":["Bordeaux, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Ducournau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Bordeaux, CNR des Campylobacters et des H\u00e9licobacters","place":["Bordeaux, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Aptel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Bordeaux, CNR des Campylobacters et des H\u00e9licobacters","place":["Bordeaux, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moeava","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Bordeaux, CNR des Campylobacters et des H\u00e9licobacters","place":["Bordeaux, France"]},{"name":"INSERM U1312, UMR BRIC-Team 4, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux","place":["Bordeaux, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marine","family":"Jauvain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Bordeaux, CNR des Campylobacters et des H\u00e9licobacters","place":["Bordeaux, France"]},{"name":"INSERM U1312, UMR BRIC-Team 4, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux","place":["Bordeaux, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Dauwalder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospices Civils De Lyon, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Nord, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Plateau de Microbiologie 24\/24","place":["Lyon, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Lehours","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Bordeaux, CNR des Campylobacters et des H\u00e9licobacters","place":["Bordeaux, France"]},{"name":"INSERM U1312, UMR BRIC-Team 4, Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux","place":["Bordeaux, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389","article-title":"Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs","volume":"25","author":"Altschul","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.46.6108","article-title":"Relapsing Campylobacter coli bacteremia with reactive arthritis in a patient with X-linked agammaglobulinemia","volume":"46","author":"Arai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Intern. 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