{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T06:15:48Z","timestamp":1778566548313,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"China National Machinery Industry Corporation Scientific Research Project","award":["ZDZX2022-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDZX2022-2"]}]},{"name":"China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA","award":["CARS-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-21"]}]},{"name":"CACMS Innovation Fund","award":["CI2023E002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI2023E002"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3503802"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3503802"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82404809"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82404809"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Excessive chemical fertilizer application has become a core bottleneck restricting the green and sustainable cultivation of\n                      <jats:italic>Glycyrrhiza uralensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (licorice). Partial organic fertilizer substitution can improve soil microecology and licorice growth traits, yet its regulatory effects on microbial functional genes mediating soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling remain unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using metagenomic sequencing, we investigated the effects of six fertilization regimes [100% organic fertilizer (OF100), 100% chemical fertilizer (OF0), and organic\u2013inorganic combinations (OF25, OF50, OF75)] on the genetic potential of soil C and N cycling, as well as soil properties and licorice growth traits in bulk and rhizosphere soils of licorice. Organic substitution significantly altered the abundance of C and N cycling-related functional genes: OF100 significantly increased the abundance of genes associated with methane oxidation (\n                      <jats:italic>pmoA\/amoA<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), carbon degradation (\n                      <jats:italic>pel<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>cbh<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and nitrification (pmoB\/amoB), while OF0 significantly upregulated the methanogenesis-related gene mttA and downregulated nitrogen degradation genes; optimized fertilization (OF50) significantly reduced the abundance of genes linked to excessive carbon degradation (\n                      <jats:italic>malZ<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and nitrogen loss genetic potential (\n                      <jats:italic>nirK<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), and markedly increased the abundance of genes for carbon fixation (\n                      <jats:italic>pccA<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and nitrogen mineralization (\n                      <jats:italic>GDH<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). PERMANOVA revealed that soil compartment (bulk vs. rhizosphere) explained 62.87% of the total variation in functional gene profiles, which was 5.67 times higher than the contribution of fertilization regime (11.10%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rational organic\u2013inorganic fertilization effectively regulates soil microbial functional genes related to C and N cycling, optimizes soil nutrient cycling potential, reduces nutrient loss risk, and enhances nutrient supply efficiency for licorice growth. These findings provide a scientific basis for fertilizer management optimization and sustainable cultivation of licorice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1758116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T05:44:55Z","timestamp":1778564695000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhancement of genetic potential for soil carbon and nitrogen cycling by organic fertilizer substitution improves the ecological environment for licorice cultivation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Guochen","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiancai","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bovine Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiufu","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengcai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaogeng","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binbin","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuanzhi","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yufei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Research Institute of Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinomach Sensing Technology Co., Ltd.","place":["Shenyang, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sinomach Sensing Technology Co., Ltd.","place":["Shenyang, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunhua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedicine, Beijing City University","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Traditional Therapy Center, Beijing Hongyitang Chinese Medicine Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lanping","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1462005","DOI":"10.3389\/fagro.2024.1462005","article-title":"Coupling effects of irrigation amount and fertilization 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