{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:02:09Z","timestamp":1791925329599,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":183,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The interaction between the gut microbiota and central nervous system (CNS) diseases has emerged as a major focus in neuroscience and microbiome research. Accumulating evidence shows that gut microbiota influence the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and psychiatric conditions via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, the underlying mechanisms are complex and not yet fully elucidated. Advances in multimodal magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and diffusion tensor imaging, now enable\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    visualization of associations between gut microbial alterations and abnormalities in brain structure and function, providing new perspectives for understanding the role of gut microbiota in CNS pathology. This review systematically reviews neuroimaging-based research linking gut microbiota to neurological diseases (e.g., Alzheimer\u2019s disease, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury), and psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder). It highlights the mediating roles of microbial metabolites, immune-inflammatory responses, and neuroimmune pathways, and discusses future directions integrating multi-omics data with neuroimaging technologies, as well as their potential clinical applications. What distinguishes this review from its predecessors in the same field is its explicit neuroimaging-driven framework rather than general mechanistic discussion.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1760096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T07:00:05Z","timestamp":1772607605000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["How gut microbiota contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders: evidence from neuroimaging studies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Chunlan","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurological Function Testing and Regulation, West China Xiamen Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Xiamen, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanling","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinglian","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Outpatient, West China Xiamen Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024998","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1024998","article-title":"Parasite infections, neuroinflammation, and potential contributions of gut microbiota","volume":"13","author":"Alloo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. 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