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Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a common Gram-positive pathogen capable of causing a wide range of severe infections. T cells are key adaptive immune effectors in\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, and their response patterns and functional states strongly influence bacterial clearance, inflammatory regulation, and clinical outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This narrative review summarizes recent evidence on T-cell responses in\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, with emphasis on major T-cell subsets, context-dependent immune dysregulation, immune evasion, immunopathology, and potential immunoregulatory strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Current evidence indicates that Th1\/Th17 responses contribute to antimicrobial defense, whereas regulatory T cells may limit inflammatory damage but may also favor chronic colonization. Across different infection sites and disease stages, CD8+ T cells and innate-like T-cell populations, including \u03b3\u03b4 T cells, MAIT cells, and NKT cells, display marked functional heterogeneity. Recent advances in single-cell omics, immunometabolism, and immune checkpoint research have further clarified the dynamic changes in T-cell responses during\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      T-cell responses in\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection are highly context-dependent. A better understanding of these immune programs may inform future prevention and treatment strategies, including vaccines and targeted immunomodulatory interventions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1815566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T05:53:27Z","timestamp":1781675607000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Research progress on T-cell responses in Staphylococcus aureus infections"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xupeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Lanzhou, Gansu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruidan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou","place":["Gansu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wentong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Lanzhou, Gansu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiarui","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Lanzhou, Gansu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Lanzhou, Gansu, China"]},{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou","place":["Gansu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine Lanzhou","place":["Gansu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.103932","article-title":"Nicotinamide breaks effector CD8 T cell responses by targeting mTOR signaling","volume":"25","author":"Agliano","year":"2022","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8121936","article-title":"T cell immunity and the quest for protective vaccines against Staphylococcus aureus infection","volume":"8","author":"Armentrout","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1938475","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2021.1938475","article-title":"Immune-checkpoint blockade of CTLA-4 (CD152) in antigen-specific human T-cell responses differs profoundly between neonates, children, and adults","volume":"10","author":"Arra","year":"2021","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.18388\/abp.2020_5948","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of berberine on Staphylococcus aureus-induced septic arthritis through down-regulation of Th17 and Treg signaling pathways","volume":"69","author":"Asila","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta. 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