{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:47:43Z","timestamp":1782712063262,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010767","name":"Innovative Medicines Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010767","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The first-in-class diarylquinoline (DARQ) bedaquiline (BDQ) is in the medicines list for drug-resistant tuberculosis. TBAJ-587 is a next-generation DARQ with improved anti-\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) activity and reduced cardiac repolarization abnormalities.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      efficacy of TBAJ-587 and its main metabolites (M2, M3 and M12) was analyzed under standard (ST) growth conditions and with cholesterol (CHO), or fatty acids (FA) as physiologically relevant alternative carbon sources. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays and time-kill assays (TKA) linked to drug measurements in bacterial samples were performed to allow correlation of pharmacodynamics (PD) with actual\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      pharmacokinetics (PK).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The most active compounds, TBAJ-587 and its M3 metabolite, exhibited broth media and concentration dependent efficacy showing a bactericidal effect at \u22655x MIC. Bacterial cultures treated with 1x MIC and 2x MIC of TBAJ-587 resumed growth after 28 days and displayed moderate increased MIC values compared to untreated conditions, which were linked to new variants of BDQ resistance mutations in the\n                      <jats:italic>atpE<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>atpB<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Rv0678<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes. This study revealed that TBAJ-587 and its metabolites bind to polystyrene plastic-ware, the most commonly used material in antimicrobial research, being the effective unbound drug concentration dependent on the media composition. PKPD analyses determined that\n                      <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                      was killed with lower exposures of TBAJ-587 and M3 than expected in ST and FA broth, suggesting previously underestimated potency in these media.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Unlike commonly performed in\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      PKPD studies that solely rely on nominal drug concentrations, our work precisely relates compound activity to actual effective concentrations that are measured over time directly in\n                      <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                      cultures, providing improved longitudinal data to feed in silico models for translational research.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1828998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:38:59Z","timestamp":1782711539000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In vitro pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the diarylquinoline TBAJ-587 and its metabolites against Mycobacterium tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Diana Angelica","family":"Aguilar-Ayala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza","place":["Zaragoza, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Sylvianne","family":"Rabodoarivelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza","place":["Zaragoza, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxime R.","family":"Eveque-Mourroux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for living Systems","place":["Lille, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albin A. M.","family":"Leding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Sonnenkalb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center","place":["Borstel, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Pic\u00f3 Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza","place":["Zaragoza, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Willand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for living Systems","place":["Lille, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalya","family":"Serbina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development","place":["New York, NY, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrika S. H.","family":"Simonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University","place":["Uppsala, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ainhoa","family":"Luc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza","place":["Zaragoza, Spain"]},{"name":"Spanish Network for Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Carlos III Health Institute","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Ram\u00f3n-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza","place":["Zaragoza, Spain"]},{"name":"Spanish Network for Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Carlos III Health Institute","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Research & Development Agency of Arag\u00f3n Foundation (Fundaci\u00f3n ARAID)","place":["Zaragoza, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2016.01.013","article-title":"A diagnostic tool for population models using non-compartmental analysis: The ncappc package for R.","volume":"127","author":"Acharya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. Methods Programs Biomed."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000681","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis under in vitro lipid-rich dormancy conditions.","volume":"67","author":"Aguilar-Ayala","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.16068","article-title":"Evaluation of critical parameters in the hollow-fibre system for tuberculosis: A case study of moxifloxacin.","volume":"90","author":"Aguilar-Ayala","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17665","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17751-x","article-title":"The transcriptome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a lipid-rich dormancy model through RNAseq analysis.","volume":"7","author":"Aguilar-Ayala","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7601","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.joc.3c00705","article-title":"Synergistic Li\/Li bimetallic system for the asymmetric synthesis of antituberculosis drug TBAJ-587.","volume":"88","author":"Ahmad","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1106753","article-title":"A diarylquinoline drug active on the ATP synthase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","volume":"307","author":"Andries","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202200533","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202200533","article-title":"Discovery of anti-tubercular analogues of bedaquiline with modified A-, B- and C-ring subunits.","volume":"18","author":"Barbaro","year":"2023","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2021.100285","article-title":"The pipeline of new molecules and regimens against drug-resistant tuberculosis.","volume":"25","author":"Black","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Tuberc. Other Mycobact. Dis."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2019.02.025","article-title":"Structure-activity relationships for unit C pyridyl analogues of the tuberculosis drug bedaquiline.","volume":"27","author":"Blaser","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e431","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf303","article-title":"The kinetics of bedaquiline diffusion in tuberculous cavities open a window for the emergence of resistance.","volume":"232","author":"Bustion","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100621","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00621-2021","article-title":"Emergence of bedaquiline resistance in a high tuberculosis burden country.","volume":"59","author":"Chesov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2017.10.042","article-title":"Synthesis and evaluation of analogues of the tuberculosis drug bedaquiline containing heterocyclic B-ring units.","volume":"27","author":"Choi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0094524","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00945-24","article-title":"TBAJ-587, a novel diarylquinoline, is active against Mycobacterium abscessus.","volume":"68","author":"Fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vascn.2009.12.005","article-title":"Reduction of non-specific adsorption of drugs to plastic containers used in bioassays or analyses.","volume":"61","author":"Fukazawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00037-14","article-title":"Cross-resistance between clofazimine and bedaquiline through upregulation of MmpL5 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","volume":"58","author":"Hartkoorn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01611-09","article-title":"Rates and mechanisms of resistance development in Mycobacterium tuberculosis to a novel diarylquinoline ATP synthase inhibitor.","volume":"54","author":"Huitric","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0035625","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00356-25","article-title":"Unpacking bedaquiline heteroresistance: The importance of intermediate profiles for phenotypic drug susceptibility testing.","volume":"69","author":"Ismail","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3369","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4369","article-title":"Delayed bactericidal response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to bedaquiline involves remodelling of bacterial metabolism.","volume":"5","author":"Koul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2021.08.004","article-title":"Systematic measurement of combination-drug landscapes to predict in vivo treatment outcomes for tuberculosis.","volume":"12","author":"Larkins-Ford","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Syst."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1002\/bcp.70333","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics of TBAJ-587 and its main metabolites-Evaluation of different loading dose strategies and early dose selection.","volume":"92","author":"Leding","year":"2026","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0003523","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00035-23","article-title":"Next-generation diarylquinolines improve sterilizing activity of regimens with pretomanid and the novel oxazolidinone TBI-223 in a mouse tuberculosis model.","volume":"67","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0156223","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01562-23","article-title":"Bactericidal and sterilizing activity of novel regimens combining bedaquiline or TBAJ-587 with GSK2556286 and TBA-7371 in a mouse model of tuberculosis.","volume":"68","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.113.056119","article-title":"Bedaquiline metabolism: Enzymes and novel metabolites.","volume":"42","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2016.04.007","article-title":"In vitro culture conditions affecting minimal inhibitory concentration of bedaquiline against M. tuberculosis.","volume":"46","author":"Lounis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med. Mal. Infect."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2018.04.007","article-title":"Mutations associated with in vitro resistance to bedaquiline in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Australia.","volume":"111","author":"Martinez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2010.04.007","article-title":"Screening for phospholipidosis induced by central nervous drugs: Comparing the predictivity of an in vitro assay to high throughput in silico assays.","volume":"24","author":"Mesens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicol. In Vitro"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.48.7.844","article-title":"Bacteriology of tuberculosis: Laboratory methods.","volume":"48","author":"Middlebrook","year":"1958","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health Nations Health"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0239920","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02399-20","article-title":"Relationship between plasma and intracellular concentrations of bedaquiline and its m2 metabolite in South African patients with rifampin-resistant tuberculosis.","volume":"65","author":"Ngwalero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.13.85","article-title":"TMC207 becomes bedaquiline, a new anti-TB drug.","volume":"8","author":"Palomino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2720","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.8.2720-2722.2002","article-title":"Resazurin microtiter assay plate: Simple and inexpensive method for detection of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","volume":"46","author":"Palomino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2020.1707801","article-title":"In vitro drug discovery models for Mycobacterium tuberculosis relevant for host infection.","volume":"15","author":"Parish","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Discov."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1060","article-title":"A chemical genetic screen in Mycobacterium tuberculosis identifies carbon-source-dependent growth inhibitors devoid of in vivo efficacy.","volume":"1","author":"Pethe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0146424","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01464-24","article-title":"Bedaquiline does not enhance a clofazimine-azithromycin-ethambutol regimen against Mycobacterium avium in the hollow-fiber system.","volume":"69","author":"Raaijmakers","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.115535","article-title":"Use of hollow fiber systems to model treatment of infections: A practical guide.","volume":"29","author":"Raaijmakers","year":"2026","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xpro.2025.103643","article-title":"Protocol to quantify bacterial burden in time-kill assays using colony-forming units and most probable number readouts for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","volume":"6","author":"Rabodoarivelo","year":"2025","journal-title":"STAR Protoc."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2025.101213","article-title":"Sanfetrinem, an oral \u03b2-lactam antibiotic repurposed for the treatment of tuberculosis.","volume":"80","author":"Ram\u00f3n-Garc\u00eda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Resist. Updat."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01125-14","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01125-14","article-title":"Global adaptation to a lipid environment triggers the dormancy-related phenotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","volume":"5","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2014","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.115292","article-title":"An assay toolkit for anti-tuberculosis drugs in the hollow fiber system.","volume":"29","author":"Sanz-Garc\u00eda","year":"2026","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0059823","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00598-23","article-title":"A novel tool to identify bactericidal compounds against vulnerable targets in drug-tolerant M. tuberculosis found in caseum.","volume":"14","author":"Sarathy","year":"2023","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06154-11","article-title":"New mutations in the mycobacterial ATP synthase: New insights into the binding of the diarylquinoline TMC207 to the ATP synthase C-ring structure.","volume":"56","author":"Segala","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10444","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-36955-y","article-title":"Bedaquiline- and clofazimine- selected Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants: Further insights on resistance driven largely by Rv0678.","volume":"13","author":"Snobre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e358","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(23)00002-2","article-title":"Bedaquiline and clofazimine resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: An in-vitro and in-silico data analysis.","volume":"4","author":"Sonnenkalb","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2016.12.004","article-title":"Cholesterol plays a larger role during Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro dormancy and reactivation than previously suspected.","volume":"103","author":"Soto-Ramirez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2019.02.026","article-title":"3,5-Dialkoxypyridine analogues of bedaquiline are potent antituberculosis agents with minimal inhibition of the hERG channel.","volume":"27","author":"Sutherland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2019.115213","article-title":"Variations in the C-unit of bedaquiline provides analogues with improved biology and pharmacology.","volume":"28","author":"Sutherland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2018.02.026","article-title":"Structure-activity relationships for analogs of the tuberculosis drug bedaquiline with the naphthalene unit replaced by bicyclic heterocycles.","volume":"26","author":"Sutherland","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.7b00196","article-title":"6-Cyano analogues of bedaquiline as less lipophilic and potentially safer diarylquinolines for tuberculosis.","volume":"8","author":"Tong","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B48","volume-title":"Drug Approval Package: Bedaquiline. NDA 204384: Bedaquiline - Original New Drug Application 2012.","year":"2012"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.106411","article-title":"Implementing best practices on data generation and reporting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro assays within the ERA4TB consortium.","volume":"26","author":"van Wijk","year":"2023","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw502","article-title":"Unexpected high prevalence of resistance-associated Rv0678 variants in MDR-TB patients without documented prior use of clofazimine or bedaquiline.","volume":"72","author":"Villellas","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02418-20","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02418-20","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of the novel diarylquinoline TBAJ-587 and bedaquiline against a resistant Rv0678 mutant in a mouse model of tuberculosis.","volume":"65","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07605-8","article-title":"Inhibition of M. tuberculosis and human ATP synthase by BDQ and TBAJ-587.","volume":"631","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1828998\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:39:00Z","timestamp":1782711540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1828998\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1828998"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1828998","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"article-number":"1828998"}}