{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:00:16Z","timestamp":1777950016374,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Siderophores are secondary metabolites with high affinity and specificity for iron and play a crucial role in iron acquisition.\n                      <jats:italic>Vibrio fluvialis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , an emerging foodborne opportunistic pathogen of increasing concern, produces the catechol siderophore fluvibactin. Quorum sensing (QS) is a process of bacterial communication vital for many biological processes. To date, the genes responsible for fluvibactin biosynthesis and the role of quorum sensing (QS) in its regulation remain unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we characterized the gene cluster involved in fluvibactin biosynthesis and investigated how the QS regulators AphA at low cell density (LCD) and HapR at high cell density (HCD) regulate this process. Gene expression, promoter activity, and protein\u2013DNA interactions were analyzed using qPCR, reporter assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), DNase I footprinting, and 5\u2032 rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Also, animal experiments were conducted with a mutant which fails to biosynthesize fluvibactin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified a fluvibactin biosynthesis gene cluster consisting of 16 genes organized into 9 transcriptional units, which are activated under iron-deficient conditions. Fluvibactin production was increased in the \u0394\n                      <jats:italic>aphA<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutant at LCD and decreased in the \u0394\n                      <jats:italic>hapR<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutant at HCD compared to the wild type. Consistently, the expression and promoter activities of representative genes (\n                      <jats:italic>vfbH<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>vfbA<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>vfbCE<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>vfbB<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) were repressed by AphA at LCD and activated by HapR at HCD. Direct binding of AphA and HapR to the promoters of these genes was confirmed. Additionally, we demonstrated that fluvibactin production was associated with increased bacterial loads in infected mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings provide insights into the genetic basis of fluvibactin biosynthesis and its regulation by QS in\n                      <jats:italic>V. fluvialis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . This study enhances our understanding of the pathogenicity and environmental adaptability of this organism under iron-limited conditions and contributes to the knowledge of catechol siderophores in\n                      <jats:italic>Vibrios<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1829491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T05:33:27Z","timestamp":1777872807000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quorum sensing regulators AphA and HapR differentially regulate fluvibactin biosynthesis in Vibrio fluvialis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kunkun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saisen","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaorui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aiping","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weili","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Kan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.167.1.57-65.1986","article-title":"Characterization of anguibactin, a novel siderophore from Vibrio anguillarum 775(pJM1)","volume":"167","author":"Actis","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.73.2.722-729.2005","article-title":"Identification of an iron-regulated hemin-binding outer membrane protein, HupO, in Vibrio fluvialis: effects on hemolytic activity and the oxidative stress response","volume":"73","author":"Ahn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00105-17","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00105-17","article-title":"Quorum sensing gene regulation by LuxR\/HapR master regulators in Vibrios","volume":"199","author":"Ball","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3633","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01750-05","article-title":"Differences in gene expression between the classical and El tor biotypes of Vibrio cholerae O1","volume":"74","author":"Beyhan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1008362","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008362","article-title":"The quorum sensing transcription factor AphA directly regulates natural competence in Vibrio cholerae","volume":"15","author":"Blokesch","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.182.6.1731-1738.2000","article-title":"Vibrio cholerae VibF is required for vibriobactin synthesis and is a member of the family of nonribosomal peptide synthetases","volume":"182","author":"Butterton","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000975","article-title":"Siderophore piracy enhances Vibrio cholerae environmental survival and pathogenesis","volume":"166","author":"Byun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2025.128155","article-title":"ArcAB system promotes biofilm formation through direct repression of hapR transcription in Vibrio cholerae","volume":"297","author":"Caigoy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112338-20231215-00354","article-title":"Regulation mechanism of the quorum sensing regulator AphA on the type VI secretion system VflT6SS2 in Vibrio fluvialis","volume":"45","author":"Cheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8259","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1118131109","article-title":"Density-dependent fitness benefits in quorum-sensing bacterial populations","volume":"109","author":"Darch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.042667999","article-title":"Comparative genomic analysis of Vibrio cholerae: genes that correlate with cholera endemic and pandemic disease","volume":"99","author":"Dziejman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3863","article-title":"Iron homeostasis in host defence and inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Ganz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4035","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00730-16","article-title":"Influence of niche-specific nutrients on secondary metabolism in Vibrionaceae","volume":"82","author":"Giubergia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(17)43671-4","article-title":"Vibriobactin, a siderophore from Vibrio cholerae","volume":"259","author":"Griffiths","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1039\/c4mt00333k","article-title":"Diverging roles of bacterial siderophores during infection","volume":"7","author":"Holden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00528","article-title":"Functional characterization and conditional regulation of the type VI secretion system in Vibrio fluvialis","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2136460","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2136460","article-title":"TssI2-TsiI2 of Vibrio fluvialis VflT6SS2 delivers pesticin domain-containing periplasmic toxin and cognate immunity that modulates bacterial competitiveness","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2023.106794","article-title":"Ferric chloride induces ferroptosis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and heals wound infection in a mouse model","volume":"61","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3628","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph7103628","article-title":"Vibrio fluvialis: an unusual enteric pathogen of increasing public health concern","volume":"7","author":"Igbinosa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-017-0065-7","article-title":"Activation of Vibrio cholerae quorum sensing promotes survival of an arthropod host","volume":"3","author":"Kamareddine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15522","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0016523","article-title":"Reconstitution and characterization of the Vibrio cholerae vibriobactin synthetase from VibB, VibE, VibF, and VibH","volume":"39","author":"Keating","year":"","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15513","DOI":"10.1021\/bi001651a","article-title":"Vibriobactin biosynthesis in Vibrio cholerae: vibH is an amide synthase homologous to nonribosomal peptide synthetase condensation domains","volume":"39","author":"Keating","year":"","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4825","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.185.16.4825-4836.2003","article-title":"The virulence activator AphA links quorum sensing to pathogenesis and physiology in Vibrio cholerae by repressing the expression of a penicillin amidase gene on the small chromosome","volume":"185","author":"Kovacikova","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02518.x","article-title":"Overlapping binding sites for the virulence gene regulators AphA, AphB and cAMP-CRP at the Vibrio cholerae tcpPH promoter","volume":"41","author":"Kovacikova","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0284-4","article-title":"Bacterial siderophores in community and host interactions","volume":"18","author":"Kramer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1758-2229.2009.00103.x","article-title":"Anguibactin-versus vanchrobactin-mediated iron uptake in Vibrio anguillarum: evolution and ecology of a fish pathogen","volume":"2","author":"Lemos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol. Rep."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.06.009","article-title":"The small RNA chaperone Hfq and multiple small RNAs control quorum sensing in Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio cholerae","volume":"118","author":"Lenz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.181.3.748-756.1999","article-title":"Quorum sensing in Burkholderia cepacia: identification of the LuxRI homologs CepRI","volume":"181","author":"Lewenza","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-016-9935-3","article-title":"Microbial siderophore-based iron assimilation and therapeutic applications","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01913.x","article-title":"Regulation of quorum sensing in Vibrio harveyi by LuxO and Sigma-54","volume":"36","author":"Lilley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3013","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.187.9.3013-3019.2005","article-title":"Requirements for Vibrio cholerae HapR binding and transcriptional repression at the hapR promoter are distinct from those at the aphA promoter","volume":"187","author":"Lin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2021.1902244","article-title":"CqsA\/LuxS-HapR quorum sensing circuit modulates type VI secretion system VflT6SS2 in Vibrio fluvialis","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3754","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0637444100","article-title":"Structure and membrane affinity of a suite of amphiphilic siderophores produced by a marine bacterium","volume":"100","author":"Martinez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.55.1.165","article-title":"Quorum sensing in bacteria","volume":"55","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2004.tb03528.x","article-title":"Identification and characterization of two contiguous operons required for aerobactin transport and biosynthesis in Vibrio mimicus","volume":"48","author":"Moon","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00745-6","article-title":"Nutritional immunity: the battle for nutrient metals at the host-pathogen interface","volume":"20","author":"Murdoch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.65","article-title":"The anguibactin biosynthesis and transport genes are encoded in the chromosome of Vibrio harveyi: a possible evolutionary origin for the pJM1 plasmid-encoded system of Vibrio anguillarum?","volume":"2","author":"Naka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00140480","article-title":"Structure of vulnibactin, a new polyamine-containing siderophore from Vibrio vulnificus","volume":"7","author":"Okujo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00962","article-title":"Integration host factor modulates the expression and function of T6SS2 in Vibrio fluvialis","volume":"9","author":"Pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1128\/Mmbr.00046-15","article-title":"Vibrio iron transport: evolutionary adaptation to life in multiple environments","volume":"80","author":"Payne","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00091","article-title":"Vibrio fluvialis: an emerging human pathogen","volume":"5","author":"Ramamurthy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a012427","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a012427","article-title":"Bacterial quorum sensing: its role in virulence and possibilities for its control","volume":"2","author":"Rutherford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-024-01090-6","article-title":"Bacterial siderophores: diversity, uptake pathways and applications","volume":"23","author":"Schalk","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90612-9","article-title":"Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophores","volume":"160","author":"Schwyn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.41.2.644-649.1983","article-title":"Siderophore production by Vibrio vulnificus","volume":"41","author":"Simpson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Metagenomics and its Applications in Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environmental Studies","author":"Solovyev","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13910.x","article-title":"Quorum-sensing and siderophore biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: lasR\/lasI mutants exhibit reduced pyoverdine biosynthesis","volume":"166","author":"Stintzi","year":"1998","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e44210","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044210","article-title":"Molecular characterization of direct target genes and cis-acting consensus recognized by quorum-sensing regulator AphA in Vibrio parahaemolyticus","volume":"7","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2006.05.001","article-title":"Identification and transcriptional organization of aerobactin transport and biosynthesis cluster genes of Vibrio hollisae","volume":"157","author":"Suzuki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.02660-0","article-title":"Reclassification of Vibrio hollisae as Grimontia hollisae gen. Nov., comb. nov","volume":"53","author":"Thompson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp121","article-title":"Regulatory targets of quorum sensing in Vibrio cholerae: evidence for two distinct HapR-binding motifs","volume":"37","author":"Tsou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-010-9378-1","article-title":"Identification of new members within suites of amphiphilic marine siderophores","volume":"24","author":"Vraspir","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biometals"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00508-13","article-title":"Quorum sensing regulatory cascades control Vibrio fluvialis pathogenesis","volume":"195","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.21.012704.131001","article-title":"Quorum sensing: cell-to-cell communication in bacteria","volume":"21","author":"Waters","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26727","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.374165","article-title":"Iron and quorum sensing coordinately regulate the expression of vulnibactin biosynthesis in Vibrio vulnificus","volume":"287","author":"Wen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14921","DOI":"10.1038\/srep14921","article-title":"Direct regulation of the natural competence regulator gene tfoX by cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cAMP receptor protein (CRP) in Vibrios","volume":"5","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2840","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00417-15","article-title":"Catechol siderophore transport by Vibrio cholerae","volume":"197","author":"Wyckoff","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.183.5.1830-1834.2001","article-title":"VibD and VibH are required for late steps in Vibriobactin biosynthesis in Vibrio cholerae","volume":"183","author":"Wyckoff","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7055","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.22.7055-7062.1997","article-title":"Cloning of a Vibrio cholerae vibriobactin gene cluster: identification of genes required for early steps in siderophore biosynthesis","volume":"179","author":"Wyckoff","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"Quorum sensing regulators AphA and HapR differentially regulate fluvibactin biosynthesis in Vibrio fluvialis","author":"Xiao","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124079","article-title":"Structures of two polyamine-containing catecholate siderophores from Vibrio fluvialis","volume":"113","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124432","article-title":"Structure and iron transport activity of vibrioferrin, a new siderophore of Vibrio parahaemolyticus","volume":"115","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2507874122","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2507874122","article-title":"Direct sensing of host ferric iron by an archetype histidine kinase mediates virulence of an enteric pathogen","volume":"122","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2396872","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2024.2396872","article-title":"Characterization of quorum regulatory small RNAs in an emerging pathogen Vibrio fluvialis and their roles toward type VI secretion system VflT6SS2 modulation","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"000769","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000769","article-title":"Population genomics of the food-borne pathogen Vibrio fluvialis reveals lineage associated pathogenicity-related genetic elements","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microb. Genom."},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"103","article-title":"Identification of the DNA bases of a DNase I footprint by the use of dye primer sequencing on an automated capillary DNA analysis instrument","volume":"17","author":"Zianni","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Tech."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1829491\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T05:33:29Z","timestamp":1777872809000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1829491\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1829491"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1829491","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"article-number":"1829491"}}