{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:07:43Z","timestamp":1788847663119,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Trichoderma<\/jats:italic>\n                    species are capable of causing significant changes in the metabolic activities of host plants, thereby triggering plant growth and increasing plant defense mechanisms against a diverse variety of fungal infections. This species has been reported as potential bio-control agents of many phytopathogenic fungi. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    antagonistic activity of indigenous\n                    <jats:italic>Trichoderma<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. isolated from selected locations across Kano State, Nigeria, against phytopathogens affecting selected vegetables, in a dual-plate assay. Molecular characterization revealed three\n                    <jats:italic>Trichoderma<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates:\n                    <jats:italic>T. koningii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (accession number KY886143.1; 99.63% BLAST similarity),\n                    <jats:italic>T. harzianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (KJ807357.1; 98.94%), and\n                    <jats:italic>T. viride<\/jats:italic>\n                    (OP546802.1; 98.12%). The results revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>Trichoderma<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. inhibited the radial growth of isolated phytopathogenic fungi compared to the control. The percentage growth inhibition for\n                    <jats:italic>T. harzianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    was higher in the tested species. Specifically, the inhibition percentages of\n                    <jats:italic>T. harzianum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ranged from 10.82 to 72.32%, for\n                    <jats:italic>T. koningii<\/jats:italic>\n                    from 5.49 to 63.15%, and for\n                    <jats:italic>T. viride<\/jats:italic>\n                    from 2.22 to 47.33% in the dual-culture assay. The results for\n                    <jats:italic>Trichoderma<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. showed a significant decrease in radial growth and a statistical difference (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &amp;lt;\u202f0.05) in the percentage inhibition of the tested pathogens using a one-way ANOVA. The results of this study reveal valuable knowledge on the mycoparasitic potential of\n                    <jats:italic>Trichoderma<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. that could be used in the selection of suitable biological control agents. They also provide useful insights into phytopathogen interactions, relevant to developing strategies for the biological control of fungal phytopathogens in crops of agricultural importance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1845088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:34:56Z","timestamp":1788845696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In vitro antagonistic potential of Trichoderma species against phytopathogenic fungi isolated from selected vegetable crops"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Habibu Bashir","family":"Labaran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso College of Advanced and Remedial Studies","place":["Tudun Wada, Kano State, Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zafar","family":"Sultan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northwest University","place":["Kano, Kano State, Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalhatu Wada","family":"Taura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Bayero University","place":["Kano State, Kano, Nigeria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.00911","article-title":"Trichoderma erinaceum bio-priming modulates the WRKYs defense programming in tomato against the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) challenged condition","volume":"10","author":"Aamir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. 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