{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:17:39Z","timestamp":1787836659526,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Provincial and Ministerial Joint Construction Key Project","award":["GZY-ZJ-KJ-24092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GZY-ZJ-KJ-24092"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) currently lacks curative treatments, and the gut\u2013brain axis plays an important role in regulating neuroinflammation during AD progression. Multiple bioactive components from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), including polysaccharides, alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins, protect neurons through regulating gut microbiota composition, maintaining intestinal barrier function and modulating short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism. Different from previous reviews that mainly elaborate correlational relationships, the present paper systematically sorts out a multi-level action network of TCM components along the gut-brain axis. We address an interesting discrepancy in current findings on SCFAs: acetate can inhibit inflammation in microglia under mechanical stretch, yet fails to produce the same effect under LPS exposure. Nevertheless, increased SCFA levels\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    are able to alleviate microglial dysfunction linked to aging. Such findings indicate that SCFA activities are influenced by stimulus types, compound categories and applied doses, reminding researchers to treat existing conclusions with caution. We also outline six widely existing methodological issues in relevant researches, and propose feasible solutions, including the documentation of absolute SCFA concentrations, experimental verification of causal relationships, and the use of AD pathological stimuli like A\u03b2 and tau. This review may facilitate the shift from correlational analysis to mechanistic exploration, and provide useful references for the development of AD therapies targeting the gut\u2013brain axis with TCM components.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1852198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T12:21:21Z","timestamp":1787833281000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The gut-brain axis in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: traditional Chinese medicine constituents as modulators of gut-brain homeostasis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yichao","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines and Natural Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines and Natural Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines and Natural Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunting","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines and Natural Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University","place":["Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019590","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1019590","article-title":"Moxibustion alleviates depression-like behavior in rats with Crohn\u2019s disease by inhibiting the kynurenine pathway metabolism in the gut-brain axis","volume":"16","author":"Bao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. 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