{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T06:24:25Z","timestamp":1787293465108,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Western ghats in India, one of the world\u2019s biodiversity hot spots is the reservoirs of microbial resources having agricultural and industrial significance. However, the diversity of plant growth-promoting microbial communities associated with the plants and soil in the Western Ghats is untapped vault. The current emphasis on natural farming is more depending on the indigenous microbial communities and their metabolic functions towards sustainable one -health. With this background, the present study examines the bacterial diversity of soils from the Western Ghats of Nilgiris, Coimbatore and Dindigul regions. Among the 10 soil samples collected (S1 to S10), three soil samples (S2, S4 and S6) representing respective three regions were subjected for metagenomic studies based on their distinct soil chemical and biological properties. The computational analysis of the metagenome revealed the core genus\n                    <jats:italic>Bradhyrhizobium<\/jats:italic>\n                    in all soil samples, while\n                    <jats:italic>Trebonia<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Arthrobacter, Streptomyces,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    are the next most abundant genera, which varied substantially. The results collectively demonstrate that soil sample from Dindigul harbours the richest and most diverse microbial community among the three regions. In culturable studies, a total of 101 bacterial isolates were obtained from 10 soil samples (S1 to S10). Among them four Gram-negative bacterial isolates showed potential plant growth-promoting attributes, such as Ammonia, Indole Acetic Acid, Hydrogen cyanide and siderophore production, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc solubilization. The 16S rDNA analysis revealed that the bacterial isolates were\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas glycinae<\/jats:italic>\n                    S6B1,\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas tolaasii<\/jats:italic>\n                    S2B3,\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas azotoformans<\/jats:italic>\n                    S9H10, and\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas poae<\/jats:italic>\n                    S10B2. The isolate, S10B2, exhibited the maximum inhibition, with 81.25%, 70.1%, and 35% against plant pathogenic fungi,\n                    <jats:italic>Rhizoctonia solani<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Sclerotium rolfsii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , respectively, indicating strong biocontrol potential. The effect of bacterial inoculants on chick pea (\n                    <jats:italic>Cicer arietinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    var. JG 62), showed that\n                    <jats:italic>P. glycinae<\/jats:italic>\n                    S6B1 significantly promoted plant growth such as root length, shoot length, and fresh\/dry biomass. These findings unlock the core microbiome of soils of Western Ghats, which can be utilized to develop a synthetic microbial consortium to boost agricultural productivity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1865342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T05:37:48Z","timestamp":1787290668000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Decoding the functional diversity of plant growth-promoting bacterial communities in the soils of Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Manikandan","family":"Murugesan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, PSG College of Arts & Science","place":["Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sugitha","family":"Thankappan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Engineering, SNS College of Technology","place":["Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vellaichamy","family":"Mageshwaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Technology Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms","place":["Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajendran","family":"Ramasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts & Science","place":["Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arvinth","family":"Singaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, PSG College of Arts & Science","place":["Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-822976-7.00026-0","volume-title":"Natural Resources Conservation and Advances for Sustainability","author":"Abdelhak","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D690","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac920","article-title":"CARD 2023: expanded curation, support for machine learning, and resistome prediction at the comprehensive antibiotic resistance database","volume":"51","author":"Alcock","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.5958\/0976-0571.2015.00085.5","article-title":"nifH gene diversity and symbiotic effectiveness of Bradyrhizobium yuanmingense strains obtained from nodules of soybean cultivated in India","volume":"38","author":"Appunu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Legum. 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