{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T21:00:46Z","timestamp":1790283646040,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007414","name":"Qassim University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QU-APC-2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QU-APC-2025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Collar rot of chickpea, caused by the soil-borne pathogen\n                      <jats:italic>Sclerotium rolfsii<\/jats:italic>\n                      , is commonly managed with chemical fungicides, which may pose environmental and health risks. Bacterial endophytes offer a sustainable alternative through pathogen antagonism and induction of host defense responses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seventy-three bacterial endophytes isolated from diverse plant sources were screened against\n                      <jats:italic>S. rolfsii<\/jats:italic>\n                      under laboratory conditions. Promising isolates were further evaluated in pot culture through seed priming and soil drenching. Their biocontrol efficacy, plant growth promotion, defense enzyme activities, and biochemical and molecular characteristics were assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three isolates, RLB E-30, RLB E-25 and RLB E-64, showed strong antagonistic activity. RLB E-30 recorded the highest mycelial inhibition (82.60%). Seed priming and soil drenching with RLB E-30 resulted in 92.58% seed germination and reduced total disease mortality to 19.43% compared with the untreated control. The isolates were identified as\n                      <jats:italic>Alcaligenes faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      RLB E-30,\n                      <jats:italic>Bacillus velezensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      RLB E-25 and\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter schindleri<\/jats:italic>\n                      RLB E-64. Endophyte application enhanced defense-related and antioxidant enzyme activities and promoted plant growth and root development.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Alcaligenes faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      RLB E-30 showed the greatest potential for managing chickpea collar rot through direct antagonism and induction of host defense responses. Its combined biocontrol and plant growth-promoting effects highlight its potential as an environmentally sustainable alternative to chemical disease management.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1867487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T20:21:49Z","timestamp":1790281309000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bacterial endophytes suppress collar rot of chickpea caused by Sclerotium rolfsii through antagonism and defense enzyme induction"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Manisha","family":"Kumari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University","place":["Jhansi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meenakshi","family":"Arya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University","place":["Jhansi, India"]},{"name":"ICAR-National Research Institute for Integrated Pest Management","place":["New Delhi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonnada","family":"Likhita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University","place":["Jhansi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yashowardhan","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University","place":["Jhansi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanshi","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University","place":["Jhansi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amita","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Janta Vedic College","place":["Baraut, Uttar Pradesh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anshuman","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University","place":["Jhansi, India"]},{"name":"ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistic Research Institute","place":["New Delhi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maharishi","family":"Tomar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering & Technology","place":["Ludhiana, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashid Mumtaz","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University","place":["Buraidah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Jambhulkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University","place":["Jhansi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayed Sartaj","family":"Sohrab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University","place":["Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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