{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:04:56Z","timestamp":1785305096023,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Digestate-based fertilizers are increasingly used in agriculture as part of circular nutrient management strategies, yet their effects on phyllosphere bacterial communities and antimicrobial resistance remain insufficiently understood. In this study, lettuce (\n                    <jats:italic>Lactuca sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.) was grown under greenhouse conditions and subjected to different digestate-based fertilization strategies to evaluate their effects on plant performance, leaf nutrient content, cultivable fecal indicator bacteria and\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    , antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and phyllosphere bacterial communities. Microbiological quality was assessed through the analysis of coliforms and\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    by the most probable number (MPN) method and the detection of\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. using standard culture-based procedures. ARG abundance was quantified by quantitative real-time PCR, while bacterial community composition was characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and multivariate analyses. Notably, split application of digestate produced plant growth and leaf nutrient levels comparable to those achieved with inorganic fertilization, without increasing the abundance of the evaluated ARGs or the occurrence of fecal indicator bacteria and\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    , despite their detection in the initial digestate material. Fertilization strategy influenced phyllosphere bacterial community composition, whereas total bacterial abundance remained stable across treatments. Overall, these findings provide novel insights into digestate-based fertilization strategies by showing that, under the experimental conditions, digestate application supported lettuce productivity with limited impacts on phyllosphere bacterial communities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1888705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T05:57:42Z","timestamp":1785304662000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Digestate-based fertilization supports lettuce growth with limited impacts on phyllosphere bacterial communities"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Camila","family":"Fabiani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET) Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semi\u00e1rida (CERZOS), Departamento de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Sur","place":["Bah\u00eda Blanca, Argentina"]},{"name":"Departamento de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)","place":["Bah\u00eda Blanca, Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Victoria","family":"Valero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET) Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semi\u00e1rida (CERZOS), Departamento de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Sur","place":["Bah\u00eda Blanca, Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianela","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET) Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semi\u00e1rida (CERZOS), Departamento de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Sur","place":["Bah\u00eda Blanca, Argentina"]},{"name":"Departamento de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)","place":["Bah\u00eda Blanca, Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gast\u00f3n A.","family":"Iocoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET) Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semi\u00e1rida (CERZOS), Departamento de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Sur","place":["Bah\u00eda Blanca, Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Basualdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)","place":["Bah\u00eda Blanca, Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Allegrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET) Instituto de investigaciones Ciencias Agrarias Rosario (IICAR), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario","place":["Zavalla, Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Bonita","family":"Villamil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois","place":["Urbana, IL, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Celina","family":"Zabaloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET) Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semi\u00e1rida (CERZOS), Departamento de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Sur","place":["Bah\u00eda Blanca, Argentina"]},{"name":"Departamento de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)","place":["Bah\u00eda Blanca, Argentina"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1982.tb01195.x","article-title":"The statistical analysis of compositional data (with discussion)","volume":"44","author":"Aitchison","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. 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