{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T13:33:06Z","timestamp":1787578386972,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Acinetobacter<\/jats:italic>\n non-\n baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n (Anb) species are reported worldwide to cause infections in both adults and neonates, although less frequently than\n Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n . However, limited information is available on their genomic diversity, resistance mechanisms, and virulence potential. This study investigates novel Anb isolates causing neonatal septicemia in India to characterize their resistance and pathogenic traits.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Anb isolates from neonatal blood cultures (2007\u20132025) were identified by VITEK2 Compact system, MALDI-TOF MS, and Whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by VITEK2. Genomic analysis included MLST, resistome, virulome, plasmid typing, integrons, and core-genome phylogeny analysis.\n In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n and\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n studies assessed pathogenic potential of Anb species.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Anb infections were low (11%) among the neonates during the study period. WGS revealed 11 novel Sequence Types (STs) which include\n A. indicus, A. variabilis, A. schindleri<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n A. bereziniae<\/jats:italic>\n . Six out of these eleven Anbs harbored carbapenemases such as\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n NDM\u20131<\/jats:sub>\n and\/or\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n OXA\u201358\u2013like<\/jats:sub>\n genes (\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n OXA\u201358<\/jats:sub>\n ,\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n OXA\u2013420<\/jats:sub>\n ).\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n NDM\u20131<\/jats:sub>\n was acquired via Tn\n 125<\/jats:italic>\n transposon. IS\n Aba125<\/jats:italic>\n was located upstream of\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n NDM\u20131<\/jats:sub>\n , and a conserved structure extending to IS\n 91<\/jats:italic>\n family transposase was detected in\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n NDM\u20131\u2013<\/jats:sub>\n harboring genomes.\n bla<\/jats:italic>\n OXA\u201358\u2013like<\/jats:sub>\n genes were found to be associated with IS\n Aba3<\/jats:italic>\n . Most carbapenemases were likely located on chromosome. Class 1 integrons carrying multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and diverse plasmid replicase families were detected in Anbs. Core genome phylogeny showed that the study Anbs were not closely related to the global Anbs.\n In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n virulence-associated assays (biofilm formation, surface motility, adherence\/invasion, apoptosis) and\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n lethality in murine infection model showed reduced pathogenicity, reinforcing earlier observations that Anb species are generally less virulent than\n A. baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n . Several virulence factors (VFs) were detected; however, no clear correlation was observed between virulence genes,\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n pathogenicity, and\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n lethality.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n These results indicate the multifactorial nature of Anb pathogenicity and the current limitations of knowledge of its VFs. However, the presence of numerous VFs suggests a capacity to cause disease, particularly in vulnerable host populations such as neonates. Furthermore, the presence of multiple ARGs indicates a strong potential for persistence and dissemination in hospital environments with high antibiotic pressure. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of continued AMR surveillance, genome characterization and further investigations into Anb pathogenicity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1889965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T13:06:41Z","timestamp":1787576801000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Deciphering the genomic landscape of novel Acinetobacter non-baumannii lineages causing neonatal septicemia: carbapenem resistance and virulence"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Subhasree","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, ICMR National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections (ICMR-NIRBI)","place":["Kolkata, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daichi","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University","place":["Hiroshima, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanusree","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, ICMR National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections (ICMR-NIRBI)","place":["Kolkata, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjib","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, ICMR National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections (ICMR-NIRBI)","place":["Kolkata, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souvik","family":"Nandy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, ICMR National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections (ICMR-NIRBI)","place":["Kolkata, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bijan","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research and SSKM Hospital","place":["Kolkata, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sulagna","family":"Basu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, ICMR National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections (ICMR-NIRBI)","place":["Kolkata, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00049","article-title":"Reservoirs of non-baumannii acinetobacter species.","volume":"7","author":"Al Atrouni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. 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