{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T06:27:05Z","timestamp":1786688825777,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32373016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32373016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31672584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31672584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are intracellular pathogens utilizing a unique, asymmetric cell cycle to survive within host macrophages. While the biogenesis of the replicative niche is well-studied, the intrinsic regulatory circuits that control the\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    cell cycle remain incompletely understood. Phosphodiesterase (PDEs) modulates c-di-GMP levels and thereby contribute to the bacterial cell cycle. However, little is known about the role of PDEs in the cell cycle and mechanisms of\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In this study, we firstly demonstrate that BpdE is a high conserved protein across major\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. Deletion of\n                    <jats:italic>bpdE<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\u0394\n                    <jats:italic>bpdE<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) significantly accelerated bacterial proliferation in vitro and enhanced intracellular survival within host macrophages. We found that \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>bpdE<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant exhibited an accumulation of DNA content compared to\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    A19 (WT) and complemented strain (C\u0394\n                    <jats:italic>bpdE<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). BpdE significantly affected the transcription of cell cycle regulators, including the\n                    <jats:italic>min<\/jats:italic>\n                    system. Additionally, we confirmed that the\n                    <jats:italic>minCDE<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes constitute a single operon in\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Furthermore, \u03b2-galactosidase reporter assays demonstrated that BpdE positively regulates the activity of the\n                    <jats:italic>minCDE<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter. Taken together, we reported that the c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase BpdE represses bacterial proliferation by regulating\n                    <jats:italic>minCDE<\/jats:italic>\n                    operon in\n                    <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Our results provide a novel regulatory axis for bacterial proliferation and offer new insights into the intricate mechanisms of\n                    <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic>\n                    pathogenesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1899258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T05:32:37Z","timestamp":1786685557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phosphodiesterase BpdE suppress bacterial proliferation by regulating min operon in Brucella abortus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jialu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Zu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aihua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling","place":["Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun","place":["Jilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.07.018","article-title":"Regulatory cohesion of cell cycle and cell differentiation through interlinked phosphorylation and second messenger networks.","volume":"43","author":"Abel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. 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