{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:03:44Z","timestamp":1789625024718,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFD1300803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFD1300803"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD1600502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1600502"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n \n Compound probiotics have gained increasing recognition for their ability to improve growth performance and animal health in animal production. This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with\n Lactobacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n QZF (10\n 11<\/jats:sup>\n CFU\/d),\n Bacillus velezensis<\/jats:italic>\n BD01 (10\n 12<\/jats:sup>\n CFU\/d) or their combination on growth performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, immunity and gut microbiota in growing pigs.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 160 growing Landrace \u00d7 Yorkshire gilts were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: CON (basal diet), SPL (basal diet supplemented with\n L. plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n fermentation broth), SPB (basal diet supplemented with\n B. velezensis<\/jats:italic>\n fermentation broth), and DP (basal diet supplemented with both strains fermentation broth). Each group consisted of 40 pigs (8 replicates of 5 pigs), and the experiment lasted 47 days.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The SPB and DP groups showed significantly higher average daily gain and serum total protein than CON group, attributed to the main effect of\n B. velezensis<\/jats:italic>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n (B)<\/jats:sub>\n &lt; 0.01). The SPL, SPB, and DP groups showed significant increases in serum total cholesterol, free fatty acids and urea nitrogen (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n (L)<\/jats:sub>\n &lt; 0.01 for TC and FFA;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n (L)<\/jats:sub>\n &lt; 0.01,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n (B)<\/jats:sub>\n &lt; 0.01, and\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \n (L \u00d7\n B<\/jats:italic>\n )\n <\/jats:sub>\n &lt; 0.01 for BUN). Serum antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px) were significantly affected by both the main effect of\n L. plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n and the main effect of\n B. velezensis<\/jats:italic>\n , with no significant L \u00d7 B interaction. In contrast, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was significantly affected only by the main effect of\n B. velezensis<\/jats:italic>\n , whereas neither the main effect of\n L. plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n or the L \u00d7 B interaction was significant. For immune parameters, ALB and IgG were increased by\n B. velezensis<\/jats:italic>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n (B)<\/jats:sub>\n &lt; 0.05), while IgM and IgA were elevated by\n L. plantarum<\/jats:italic>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n (L)<\/jats:sub>\n &lt; 0.05). No interaction was detected for these parameters. Microbiota analysis revealed increased alpha diversity (ACE and Chao1) and altered microbial composition, with\n B. velezensis<\/jats:italic>\n increasing\n Proteobacteria<\/jats:italic>\n and the compound probiotic enriching\n Actinobacteriota<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Lactobacillales<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n In conclusion, dietary probiotics, especially the multi strain combination, positively influenced growth performance, immune function, and antioxidant capacity in growing pigs, representing a promising nutritional strategy for swine production.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1913467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:32:12Z","timestamp":1789623132000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus velezensis improves growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity and intestinal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zijing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingmei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojia","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Huatian Ecological Agriculture and Animal Husbandry co., Ltd","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changchuan","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1330","article-title":"Neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress","volume":"3","author":"Barnham","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. 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