{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T06:05:00Z","timestamp":1789452300162,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Brazil is the world\u2019s largest exporter of chicken meat, and poultry products are recognized as important reservoirs of foodborne pathogens.\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n                      serovar Minnesota has emerged as the predominant serovar in the poultry industry and is frequently associated with multidrug-resistant strains carrying multiple antimicrobial resistance genes. In addition,\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and ESKAPE pathogens have been increasingly isolated from poultry products worldwide, representing a growing public health concern due to their antimicrobial resistance and dissemination potential. This study aimed to characterize the antimicrobial resistance profiles of\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.,\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and ESKAPE pathogens isolated from chicken carcasses using phenotypic and genomic approaches.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study was conducted in a poultry slaughterhouse inspected by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture that supplies both the domestic and international markets. Thirty carcasses with visible gastrointestinal contamination and 30 without visible contamination were sampled. To investigate the epidemiology of ESBL-producing strains, representative isolates with distinct resistance profiles were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 9).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 48\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. and 99\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were recovered. Among the ESKAPE pathogens,\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 68),\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 53),\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 59),\n                      <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 14), and Staphylococcus aureus (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 10) were also isolated.\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      Minnesota was the predominant serovar. Members of the Enterobacterales exhibited high frequencies of multidrug resistance and extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL) production, detected in 52.1% of\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp., 56.6% of\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and 13.2% of\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates. Genomic analysis identified clinically relevant resistance determinants, including\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>CMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n                      in\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. and ESBL-associated genes such as\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>CTX-M-55<\/jats:sub>\n                      in\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      . MLST identified internationally disseminated high-risk clones, including\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      ST38 and\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ST307, while SNP analysis demonstrated close genetic relatedness to isolates recovered from human infections.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight the potential role of chicken products as reservoirs of clinically relevant multidrug-resistant bacteria and reinforce the importance of continuous antimicrobial resistance surveillance throughout the poultry production chain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1917698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:36:23Z","timestamp":1789450583000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antimicrobial resistance and genomic characterization of Salmonella Minnesota, ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, and ESKAPE pathogens isolated from Brazilian broiler chicken carcasses"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Isabela P\u00e1dua","family":"Zanon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaela Assis","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thayanne Gabryelle Viana de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno Leandro de Almeida","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Agricultura e Pecu\u00e1ria","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tales Fernando da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadeu Chaves de","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Resende de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falio C\u00e9sar C\u00e2mara","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrique C\u00e9sar Pereira","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Ot\u00e1vio Silveira","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvana de Vasconcelos","family":"Can\u00e7ado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)","place":["Belo Horizonte, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-13-120","article-title":"Characteristics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from Swiss and imported poultry meat","volume":"77","author":"Abgottspon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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