{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:10:51Z","timestamp":1788952251198,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      is an important opportunistic pathogen and a recognized reservoir of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants. However, information on AMR profiles and genomic characteristics of\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      circulating in Brazilian swine production remains limited. This study investigated the occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance determinants, and genomic characteristics of\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. recovered from pigs at slaughter in southeastern Brazil.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Rectal swabs were collected from 100 pigs at slaughter, and\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were identified by culture and PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion and broth microdilution for colistin. AMR genes were investigated by PCR, and four representative multidrug-resistant (MDR)\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates carrying multiple \u03b2-lactam, quinolone, and tetracycline resistance genes were further characterized by whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty-three\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were recovered, including 47\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      , four\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                      , one\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella quasipneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and one\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. High frequencies of non-susceptibility were observed for tetracycline (86.8%), ciprofloxacin (77.4%), and amoxicillin\u2013clavulanate (67.9%), while 34 isolates (64.2%) were classified as MDR. Three colistin-resistant isolates carried\n                      <jats:italic>mcr-1<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The most frequently detected AMR genes were\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>SHV<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>\n                        <jats:italic>TEM<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:sub>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>tetA<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>qnrS<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>oqxAB<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Whole-genome sequencing identified two genomic lineages, ST45 and ST1027, differing in resistance gene content and capsular and O-antigen loci. All sequenced isolates carried the acquired siderophore loci\n                      <jats:italic>ybt<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>iuc<\/jats:italic>\n                      , indicating the coexistence of acquired virulence-associated loci and multiple AMR genes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings demonstrate a high occurrence of MDR\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      carrying clinically important resistance determinants in pigs at slaughter and reveal the circulation of distinct genomic lineages harboring acquired virulence-associated loci. The results suggest that swine production systems may contribute to the maintenance and potential dissemination of One Health-relevant\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and highlight the importance of integrated genomic surveillance to support antimicrobial stewardship and food safety.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1927798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T10:17:49Z","timestamp":1788949069000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Slaughtered pigs as reservoirs of One Health-relevant antimicrobial resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae from Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Gabriel Rangel","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Coletiva Veterin\u00e1ria e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal Fluminense","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agostinho S\u00e9rgio","family":"Scofano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Defesa Agropecu\u00e1ria e Florestal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria","place":["Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele Soares","family":"Fialho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Coletiva Veterin\u00e1ria e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal Fluminense","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisllany Alves","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Coletiva Veterin\u00e1ria e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal Fluminense","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Helena Cosendey de","family":"Aquino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Coletiva Veterin\u00e1ria e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal Fluminense","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayse Lima da Costa","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Coletiva Veterin\u00e1ria e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal Fluminense","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmiro Rosendo","family":"do Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Coletiva Veterin\u00e1ria e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal Fluminense","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas Salles","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sa\u00fade Coletiva Veterin\u00e1ria e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal Fluminense","place":["Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12020216","article-title":"Linking animal welfare and antibiotic use in pig farming\u2014A review.","volume":"12","author":"Albernaz-Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-025-03798-8","article-title":"From soil to surface water: Exploring Klebsiella\u2019s clonal lineages and antibiotic resistance odyssey in environmental health.","volume":"25","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microb.2025.100333","article-title":"Klebsiella pneumoniae: A growing threat in the era of antimicrobial resistance.","volume":"7","author":"Asokan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microbe"},{"key":"B4","volume-title":"Relat\u00f3rio Anual 2026.","year":"2026"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0191958","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191958","article-title":"Emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies pneumoniae as a cause of septicaemia in pigs in England.","volume":"13","author":"Bidewell","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00080","article-title":"Development of a Novel mcr-6 to mcr-9 Multiplex PCR and Assessment of mcr-1 to mcr-9 occurrence in colistin-resistant Salmonella enterica isolates from environment, feed, animals and food (2011\u20132018) in Germany.","volume":"11","author":"Borowiak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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