{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T06:28:20Z","timestamp":1786429700094,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern in Fiji, but genomic data on the circulating\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      complex (MTBC) are limited.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed 65 MTBC isolates collected during 2019\u20132022 using whole-genome sequencing to characterize lineage distribution, drug resistance, and transmission patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the isolates, 62 (95.4%) were\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and 3 (4.6%) were Mycobacterium bovis. Lineage 4 was the most common (29\/62, 46.8%). Genomic analysis identified 12 transmission clusters, with epidemiological links involving households, schools, and neighbouring communities. Most MTBC isolates (57\/65, 87.7%) were susceptible to first-line anti-TB drugs; however, 8 (12.3%) carried resistance-associated mutations in\n                      <jats:italic>katG<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>rpoB<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>rrs<\/jats:italic>\n                      , or\n                      <jats:italic>pncA<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Treatment outcomes indicated that 20 (30.8%) patients were lost to follow-up.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Detection of\n                      <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                      suggests possible zoonotic transmission and highlights limitations of routine diagnostics. These findings indicate diverse MTBC lineages and localized transmission networks, supporting integration of genomic surveillance into TB control efforts in Fiji.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1933597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T05:40:19Z","timestamp":1786426819000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genomic epidemiology of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in Fiji reveals community transmission and human Mycobacterium bovis infection"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sakiusa C.","family":"Baleivanualala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]},{"name":"College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Fiji National University","place":["Suva, Fiji"]},{"name":"Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland","place":["Auckland, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy R. M.","family":"Sahai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services","place":["Suva, Fiji"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services","place":["Suva, Fiji"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takoi","family":"Ciusia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services","place":["Suva, Fiji"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shayal S.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services","place":["Suva, Fiji"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yugen","family":"Miyahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emosi","family":"Bayanivalu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services","place":["Suva, Fiji"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luse","family":"Buinimasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services","place":["Suva, Fiji"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otago Genomics Facility, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Ussher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]},{"name":"Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland","place":["Auckland, New Zealand"]},{"name":"Awanui Labs, Dunedin Hospital","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Kama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Services","place":["Suva, Fiji"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Htin Lin","family":"Aung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]},{"name":"Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland","place":["Auckland, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.5365\/wpsar.2018.9.1.006","article-title":"Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: analysis of case notification and treatment-outcome data, 2008\u20132016","volume":"9","author":"Aia","year":"2018","journal-title":"West. 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