{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T20:03:49Z","timestamp":1790280229032,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Seasonal epidemics, zoonotic spillover, antiviral resistance, and pandemic risk continue to make influenza a major challenge for respiratory preparedness. The recent spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in mammalian hosts has made it increasingly important to consider molecular adaptation, surveillance, treatment, and vaccination as connected parts of preparedness rather than as separate issues. This review focuses on four interconnected areas: host\u2013virus interactions, surveillance technologies, antiviral management and resistance, and vaccine preparedness. Evidence on mammalian adaptation includes receptor specificity, viral polymerase\u2013host factor compatibility, innate immune antagonism, ANP32 proteins, and aberrant viral RNA generation, while surveillance has expanded to multiplex and CRISPR-based assays, point-of-care platforms, genomic sequencing, artificial intelligence-assisted risk assessment, and environmental monitoring. These approaches differ in intended use and stage of validation. Antiviral benefit depends strongly on host risk and treatment timing. Resistance-associated substitutions, however, cannot be interpreted from sequence data alone and require phenotypic and epidemiological context. Vaccine development spans nanoparticle, mRNA, and intranasal platforms designed to broaden antigenic coverage, strengthen mucosal immunity, or improve protection in specific populations. Better analytical performance and stronger immune responses do not by themselves demonstrate reductions in severe disease, hospitalization, or mortality. Influenza preparedness ultimately depends on how effectively these four domains inform one another and how consistently emerging approaches are evaluated against clinically meaningful outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1949447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:48:53Z","timestamp":1790279333000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influenza virus research in an era of emerging respiratory threats: host\u2013virus interactions, surveillance technologies, antiviral management and resistance, and vaccine preparedness"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mengnan","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangli","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guimin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd.","place":["Linyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxia","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd.","place":["Linyi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-025-02137-x","article-title":"Cross-neutralizing and potent human monoclonal antibodies against historical and emerging H5Nx influenza viruses","volume":"10","author":"Abu-Shmais","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200340","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.4.2200340","article-title":"Effect of neuraminidase inhibitor (oseltamivir) treatment on outcome of hospitalised influenza patients, surveillance data from 11 EU countries, 2010 to 2020","volume":"28","author":"Adlhoch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabl4340","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abl4340","article-title":"Autoantibodies neutralizing type I Ifns are present in ~4% of uninfected individuals over 70 years old and account for ~20% of COVID-19 deaths","volume":"6","author":"Bastard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70083","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70083","article-title":"Tracking seasonal influenza trends in South Tyrol during 2022\/2023 using genomic surveillance data","volume":"19","author":"Bianconi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir. Viruses"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaeb2700","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeb2700","article-title":"Febrile temperature activates the innate immune response by promoting aberrant influenza a virus Rna synthesis","volume":"12","author":"Bisht","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576861","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1576861","article-title":"High-dimensional single-cell phenotyping unveils persistent differences in immune cell profiles between severe and moderate seasonal influenza","volume":"16","author":"Bodin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2500183","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.33.2500183","article-title":"Novel (d)PCR assays for influenza a(H5Nx) viruses clade 2.3.4.4b surveillance","volume":"30","author":"Buttinger","year":"2025","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70062","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70062","article-title":"Age-dependent pathogenesis of influenza a virus H7N9 mediated through Pb1-F2-induced mitochondrial Dna release and activation of cgas-sting-Nf-\u03baB signaling","volume":"96","author":"Cheung","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0317643","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0317643","article-title":"Estimating the clinical and economic burden of medically attended influenza in South Korea, stratified by age and comorbidity: a five-season hospital-based surveillance data, 2014\/15-2018\/19","volume":"20","author":"Choi","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2404752","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2024.2404752","article-title":"Smoking and serological response to influenza vaccine","volume":"20","author":"Choi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin. Immunother."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2021.105092","article-title":"Virological and clinical outcomes in outpatients treated with baloxavir or oseltamivir: a Japanese multicenter study in the 2019-2020 influenza season","volume":"192","author":"Chong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30469-0","article-title":"Clinical impact of a routine, molecular, point-of-care, test-and-treat strategy for influenza in adults admitted to hospital (Flupoc): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Clark","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab566","article-title":"Comparison of the immunogenicity of cell culture-based and recombinant Quadrivalent influenza vaccines to conventional egg-based Quadrivalent influenza vaccines among healthcare personnel aged 18-64 years: a randomized open-label trial","volume":"73","author":"Dawood","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400756","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.35.2400756","article-title":"Respi-radar: a tool to monitor respiratory infections, Belgium, winter season 2023\/24","volume":"30","author":"De Muylder","year":"2025","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-024-01732-8","article-title":"Immune imprinting in early life shapes cross-reactivity to influenza B virus haemagglutinin","volume":"9","author":"Edler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00351-7","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of the intranasal H3N2 M2-deficient single-replication influenza vaccine alone or coadministered with an inactivated influenza vaccine (Fluzone high-dose Quadrivalent) in adults aged 65-85 years in the Usa: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, phase 1b trial","volume":"24","author":"Eiden","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00702-7","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of a universal influenza a vaccine (Mva-np+M1) in adults when given after seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine immunisation (Flu009): a phase 2b, randomised, double-blind trial","volume":"22","author":"Evans","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693204","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.693204","article-title":"Molecular evolution of the influenza a virus non-structural protein 1 in interspecies transmission and adaptation","volume":"12","author":"Evseev","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2021.1878025","article-title":"Comparing intravenous peramivir with oral oseltamivir for patients with influenza: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"19","author":"Fang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.122209","article-title":"Implications of long-term sample storage on the recovery of viruses from wastewater and biobanking","volume":"265","author":"Farkas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157343","article-title":"Shiwei Longdanhua capsule protects from hygrothermal condition and influenza infection by suppressing metabolism and inflammatory pathway","volume":"148","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(25)00153-7","article-title":"Comparative assessment of immunogenicity and safety of recombinant influenza vaccine in children, adolescents, and adults: results from a phase 3, immunobridging, open-label, non-randomised study","volume":"25","author":"Folegatti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(25)00689-9","article-title":"Global burden of lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"26","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2023.101363","article-title":"Role of the viral polymerase during adaptation of influenza a viruses to new hosts","volume":"62","author":"Gilbertson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Virol."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1012449","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012449","article-title":"Deficient neutrophil responses early in influenza infection promote viral replication and pulmonary inflammation","volume":"21","author":"Gong","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaf369","article-title":"Generative artificial intelligence-based surveillance for avian influenza across a statewide healthcare system","volume":"81","author":"Goodman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2026.101511","article-title":"Human autoantibodies against type I interferons in severe viral disease","volume":"74","author":"Groen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Virol."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2128534","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.28534","article-title":"Assessment of the feasibility of using noninvasive wearable biometric monitoring sensors to detect influenza and the common cold before symptom onset","volume":"4","author":"Grzesiak","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac135","article-title":"Favipiravir treatment of uncomplicated influenza in adults: results of two phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials","volume":"226","author":"Hayden","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761339","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1761339","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine in influenza treatment: a bibliometric analysis integrating multiple databases","volume":"17","author":"He","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.16421","article-title":"Epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed influenza among kidney transplant recipients compared to the general population-a nationwide cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Helanter\u00e4","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-023-03841-5","article-title":"Baloxavir safety and clinical and virologic outcomes in influenza virus-infected pediatric patients by age group: age-based pooled analysis of two pediatric studies conducted in Japan","volume":"23","author":"Hirotsu","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e67847","DOI":"10.2196\/67847","article-title":"Evaluation of a machine learning model based on laboratory parameters for the prediction of influenza a and B in Chongqing, China: multicenter model development and validation study","volume":"27","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19020275","article-title":"Artemisia extracts suppress H1N1 influenza a virus infection by targeting viral Ha\/Na proteins and modulating the Tlr4\/MyD88\/Nf-\u03baB signaling Axis","volume":"19","author":"Hu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2025.128716","article-title":"A multiplexed three-channel detection system for rapid home-based diagnosis of respiratory viruses","volume":"297","author":"Huang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2025.106217","article-title":"Global update on the susceptibilities of influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors and the cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir, 2020-2023","volume":"241","author":"Hussain","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2021.1889369","article-title":"Comparative efficacy assessment of antiviral alone and antiviral-antibiotic combination in prevention of influenza-B infection associated complications","volume":"19","author":"Ishaqui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121540","article-title":"Ma Xing Shi Gan decoction reduces influenza a virus nucleoprotein levels in association with modulation of lactate-Hmgb1 lactylation and autophagosome accumulation","volume":"364","author":"Ji","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2509907","article-title":"High-dose influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization in older adults","volume":"393","author":"Johansen","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3390\/v14010124","article-title":"Obesity and metabolic dysregulation in children provide protective influenza vaccine responses","volume":"14","author":"Kainth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2024.02.002","article-title":"Characterization of cardiovascular profile of anti-influenza drug peramivir: a reverse-translational study using the isoflurane-anesthetized dog","volume":"154","author":"Kambayashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3012.240154","article-title":"Highly pathogenic avian influenza a(H5N1) virus infection in cats, South Korea, 2023","volume":"30","author":"Kang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117891","article-title":"Interpretability-driven deep learning for Sers-based classification of respiratory viruses","volume":"289","author":"Kang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(23)00225-0","article-title":"Effectiveness of the quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine against influenza-related hospitalisations and morbidity among children aged 2 to 6 years in Denmark: a nationwide cohort study emulating a target trial","volume":"7","author":"Kildegaard","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21466","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-72081-z","article-title":"Elevated body mass index is not significantly associated with reduced influenza vaccine effectiveness","volume":"14","author":"King","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117836","article-title":"Point-of-need one-pot multiplexed Rt-Lamp test for detecting three common respiratory viruses in saliva","volume":"288","author":"Kshirsagar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00469-2","article-title":"Combining baloxavir marboxil with standard-of-care neuraminidase inhibitor in patients hospitalised with severe influenza (flagstone): a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, superiority trial","volume":"22","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18629","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c07707","article-title":"Graphene field effect biosensor for concurrent and specific detection of Sars-CoV-2 and influenza","volume":"17","author":"Kumar","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2020.08.017","article-title":"Efficacy of clarithromycin-naproxen-oseltamivir combination therapy versus oseltamivir alone in hospitalized pediatric influenza patients","volume":"54","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121650","article-title":"Wastewater-based surveillance is an efficient monitoring tool for tracking influenza a in the community","volume":"257","author":"Lehto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764754","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1764754","article-title":"Liu Shen Wan regulates the Sphk1\/S1P axis to ameliorate influenza-induced inflammation via integrated network pharmacology and lipidomics","volume":"16","author":"Lei","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.08.028","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and safety of high dose trivalent influenza vaccine in adults and immunosuppressed populations - a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"83","author":"Leibovici Weissman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landig.2025.100956","article-title":"Smartwatch-derived versus self-reported outcomes of physiological recovery after Covid-19, influenza, and group a streptococcus: a 2-year prospective cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Levi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet Digit. Health"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157362","article-title":"Chebulinic acid from Chebulae fructus alleviates influenza virus-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting Ido1-Kyn axis activation","volume":"148","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2512385122","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2512385122","article-title":"Arrdc4-mediated glycolysis enhances innate immunity to influenza a virus through fructose-1,6-bisphosphate","volume":"122","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18091306","article-title":"Herbacetin alleviates influenza virus-induced lung injury and fibrosis by targeting the neuraminidase protein","volume":"18","author":"Liao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofab630","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab630","article-title":"A phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the monoclonal antibody Mhaa4549A in patients with acute uncomplicated influenza a infection","volume":"9","author":"Lim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4058","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.4c00992","article-title":"Point-of-care multiplex detection of respiratory viruses","volume":"9","author":"Lim","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2020.06.001","article-title":"Cardiac troponin elevation in patients with influenza virus infections","volume":"44","author":"Lippi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biom. J."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2026.121524","article-title":"Sheng Jiangsan alleviated influenza-induced acute lung injury by regulating Lactobacillus murinus","volume":"367","author":"Lu","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2025.128657","article-title":"G4-Nasba: An ultra-fast, highly sensitive and portable isothermal detection system for diagnosing influenza a virus","volume":"297","author":"Luo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70557","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70557","article-title":"Intranasal mosaic H1N1 live attenuated influenza vaccine elicits broad cross-reactive immunity and protection against group 1 and 2 influenza a viruses","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2025","journal-title":"MedComm (2020)"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2026.157873","article-title":"Inhibition of influenza a virus infection by natural isoquinoline alkaloid neferine targeting virus nucleoprotein","volume":"152","author":"Ma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.3390\/v14051064","article-title":"The contribution of viral proteins to the synergy of influenza and bacterial co-infection","volume":"14","author":"Miku\u0161ov\u00e1","year":"2022","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2024.07.023","article-title":"Dual neutralization of influenza virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase by a bispecific antibody leads to improved antiviral activity","volume":"32","author":"Moirangthem","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad477","article-title":"Immunogenicity of high-dose versus Mf59-Adjuvanted versus standard influenza vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients: the Swiss\/Spanish trial in solid organ transplantation on prevention of influenza (Stop-flu trial)","volume":"78","author":"Mombelli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2413156","article-title":"Efficacy of Baloxavir treatment in preventing transmission of influenza","volume":"392","author":"Monto","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2022.02.001","article-title":"Lyophilization provides long-term stability for a lipid nanoparticle-formulated, nucleoside-modified mrna vaccine","volume":"30","author":"Muramatsu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101136","article-title":"Duration of the serological response and effectiveness of the inactivated influenza vaccine in healthy adults aged 18-65 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Nazareth","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(25)00349-4","article-title":"Dynamics of endemic virus re-emergence in children in the Usa following the Covid-19 pandemic (2022-23): a prospective, multicentre, longitudinal, immunoepidemiological surveillance study","volume":"26","author":"Nguyen-Tran","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100194","article-title":"Altered basal lipid metabolism underlies the functional impairment of naive Cd8(+) T cells in elderly humans","volume":"208","author":"Nicoli","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38751","DOI":"10.2196\/38751","article-title":"Examining the use of an artificial intelligence model to diagnose influenza: development and validation study","volume":"24","author":"Okiyama","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofac131","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac131","article-title":"Rates of severe influenza-associated outcomes among older adults living with diabetes-influenza hospitalization surveillance network (FluSurv-net), 2012-2017","volume":"9","author":"Owusu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2021.105126","article-title":"Baloxavir-oseltamivir combination therapy inhibits the emergence of resistant substitutions in influenza a virus pa gene in a mouse model","volume":"193","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2025.117829","article-title":"Highly sensitive reusable electrochemical sensor for H1N1 influenza a virus nucleoproteins","volume":"288","author":"Park","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3390\/bios11030088","article-title":"Specific detection of influenza a and B viruses by Crispr-Cas12a-based assay","volume":"11","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2025.106299","article-title":"Antiviral susceptibility monitoring: testing algorithm, methods, and findings for influenza season, 2023-2024","volume":"244","author":"Patel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0021323","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00213-23","article-title":"Mammalian Anp32A and Anp32B proteins drive differential polymerase adaptations in avian influenza virus","volume":"97","author":"Peacock","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0279962","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279962","article-title":"Does prior vaccination affect the immune response to seasonal influenza vaccination among older adults? Findings from a prospective cohort study in a Northeastern Province of Thailand","volume":"18","author":"Praphasiri","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.05.057","article-title":"Economic burden of seasonal influenza in the United States","volume":"36","author":"Putri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4763","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26894","article-title":"Investigation of genetic variation: neuraminidase gene of influenza a virus H1N1\/pdm09, shiraz, Iran (2015-2016)","volume":"93","author":"Rashidi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e310","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaf465","article-title":"Prophylactic efficacy of Cd388, a novel drug-fc conjugate, in a human influenza a\/H3N2 virus challenge model: a randomized, controlled phase 2a study","volume":"81","author":"Rojas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3889","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03905-2","article-title":"Human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza a(H5N1) viruses in the United States from march 2024 to may 2025","volume":"31","author":"Rolfes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-025-04426-y","article-title":"Vaccine effectiveness against influenza a in older adults and the effect of chronic conditions: results from the I-move and Vebis multicentre European hospital case-control studies, 2015\/16-2023\/24","volume":"23","author":"Rose","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106555","article-title":"Impact of polymerase acidic subunit (pa) substitutions on fever and symptoms in pediatric influenza a patients treated with baloxavir: a pooled four-season analysis","volume":"91","author":"Saito","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27565","article-title":"Respiratory viruses in patients with hematological malignancy in boreal autumn\/winter 2023-2024: Epicovideha-Epiflueha report","volume":"100","author":"Salmanton-Garc\u00eda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400748","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2400748","article-title":"Surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections associated with Sars-CoV-2, influenza virus and Rsv using Icd-10 codes: a case definition accuracy study across five European countries, 2021 to 2023","volume":"30","author":"Sanchez Ruiz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-025-03359-7","article-title":"Monocyte-derived macrophages support alveolar regeneration via oncostatin M post-H1N1 infection during the recovery phase","volume":"26","author":"Shang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111998","article-title":"The mechanisms and clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine Lianhua-Qingwen capsule","volume":"142","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2356269","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2024.2356269","article-title":"Inactivated influenza virus vaccines expressing Cobra hemagglutinin elicited broadly reactive, long-lived protective antibodies","volume":"20","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin. Immunother."},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00192-4","article-title":"Comparison of the safety and immunogenicity of a novel matrix-M-adjuvanted nanoparticle influenza vaccine with a quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine in older adults: a phase 3 randomised controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Shinde","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0249005","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249005","article-title":"Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza a in children based on the results of various rapid influenza tests in the 2018\/19 season","volume":"16","author":"Shinjoh","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.11534","article-title":"Influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy in us children","volume":"334","author":"Silverman","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70067","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70067","article-title":"Cardiac characteristics of hospitalized influenza patients: an interim analysis from the FluHeart study","volume":"19","author":"Skaarup","year":"","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir. Viruses"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e013678","DOI":"10.1161\/circheartfailure.125.013678","article-title":"High-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the Danflu-2 trial","volume":"18","author":"Skaarup","year":"","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiad071","article-title":"Humoral and cellular immunity induced by Adjuvanted and standard trivalent influenza vaccine in older nursing home residents","volume":"228","author":"Smith","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18283","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.182836","article-title":"Limited nasal IFN production contributes to delayed respiratory virus clearance and suboptimal vaccine responses","volume":"10","author":"Sojati","year":"2025","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4123","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48470-3","article-title":"Structures of H5N1 influenza polymerase with Anp32B reveal mechanisms of genome replication and host adaptation","volume":"15","author":"Staller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac217","article-title":"Inhaled Zanamivir vs Oral oseltamivir to prevent influenza-related hospitalization or death: a Nationwide population-based quasi-experimental study","volume":"75","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4708","DOI":"10.1038\/s44319-024-00208-4","article-title":"Ns2 induces an influenza a Rna polymerase hexamer and acts as a transcription to replication switch","volume":"25","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S273","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf299","article-title":"Laboratory methods for monitoring influenza antiviral resistance","volume":"232","author":"Takashita","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100017","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.REV120.013309","article-title":"Adaptation of influenza viruses to human airway receptors","volume":"296","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-025-02466-8","article-title":"Senescent cells promote viral infection-associated inflammation and tissue damage through a robust Nf-\u03baB pathway","volume":"23","author":"Tian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0263419","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0263419","article-title":"Saliva as a useful tool for evaluating upper mucosal antibody response to influenza","volume":"17","author":"Tsunetsugu-Yokota","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70475","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70475","article-title":"Utility of saliva for detecting influenza a virus by cost-effective extraction-free Sybr green-based Pcr","volume":"97","author":"Varughese","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03419-3","article-title":"Single-dose suraxavir marboxil for acute uncomplicated influenza in adults and adolescents: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004462","article-title":"Influenza complicating delivery hospitalization and its association with severe maternal morbidity in the United States, 2000-2018","volume":"138","author":"Wen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eade4790","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.ade4790","article-title":"An influenza hemagglutinin stem nanoparticle vaccine induces cross-group 1 neutralizing antibodies in healthy adults","volume":"15","author":"Widge","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4634","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.5c01021","article-title":"A bioinspired microfluidic nucleic acid sensing platform for rapid and simultaneous screening of viral respiratory infections","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"gkaf907","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkaf907","article-title":"A NanoLock-enabled, Craspase-based strategy for highly sensitive Rna detection","volume":"53","author":"Xiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-025-06085-7","article-title":"A simple, rapid, and cost-effective model for predicting critical influenza a infection in children: a multicentre, retrospective cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Xiong","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727780","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1727780","article-title":"Development of a multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of 18 respiratory viruses","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.12.043","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of oseltamivir versus peramivir for hospitalized children (aged 0-5 years) with influenza infection","volume":"128","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0077125","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00771-25","article-title":"Heat shock protein A1L restricts influenza a virus by ubiquitination of Na","volume":"99","author":"Yan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120973","article-title":"Methanol extract of Artemisia argyi against influenza a virus via inhibition of Pi3K-Akt pathway activation","volume":"358","author":"Yang","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(25)00046-3","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of onradivir in adults with acute uncomplicated influenza a infection in China: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled and oseltamivir-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. Med."},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2500660122","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2500660122","article-title":"Enhanced visualization of influenza a virus entry into living cells using virus-view atomic force microscopy","volume":"122","author":"Yoshida","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22229","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c04372","article-title":"One assay, nine targets: advancing viral surveillance with multiplex Rt-ddpcr","volume":"97","author":"Zafeiriadou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1038\/s41378-025-01044-9","article-title":"A fully automated rotary microfluidic platform for high-throughput multiplex detection of respiratory tract pathogens","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microsyst Nanoeng"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157070","article-title":"The mechanism of action in Mussaenda pubescens (Yuye Jinhua) against influenza a virus: evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies","volume":"145","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2359470","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2024.2359470","article-title":"Research progress on the nonstructural protein 1 (Ns1) of influenza a virus","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29751","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29751","article-title":"Resurgence of seasonal influenza driven by a\/H3N2 and B\/Victoria in succession during the 2023-2024 season in Beijing showing increased population susceptibility","volume":"96","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2558881","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2025.2558881","article-title":"Matrix protein 1 (M1) of influenza a virus: structural and functional insights","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1949447\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:48:54Z","timestamp":1790279334000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1949447\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"references-count":123,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1949447"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1949447","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"article-number":"1949447"}}