{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T06:04:31Z","timestamp":1790057071068,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Three reddish-pink, gram-stain-negative, motile, flagellated, short rod-shaped methanotrophs, designated BW4-1\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    , SPW-1\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and PHL2-19\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    , were isolated from wetland sediments in South Korea. All three strains possessed intracytoplasmic membranes characteristic of type I methanotrophs and grew with methane or methanol as the sole carbon and energy source. Their major fatty acids were C\n                    <jats:sub>14:0<\/jats:sub>\n                    , C\n                    <jats:sub>16:0<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and summed feature 3 (C\n                    <jats:sub>16:1<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c9<\/jats:italic>\n                    7\n                    <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\/or C\n                    <jats:sub>16:1<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c9<\/jats:italic>\n                    6\n                    <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses placed the strains within the genus\n                    <jats:italic>Methylomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with\n                    <jats:italic>Methylomonas defluvii<\/jats:italic>\n                    OY6\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    as their closest relative. Despite sharing 99.9\u2013100.0% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the strains were differentiated by genomic and phenotypic characteristics. Pairwise average nucleotide identity and digital DNA\u2013DNA hybridization values among the three strains were 95.0\u201395.9% and 60.4\u201366.2%, respectively, supporting their recognition as distinct species. All three strains possessed complete\n                    <jats:italic>pmoCAB<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>mmoXYBZDC<\/jats:italic>\n                    clusters and pathways linking methane-derived carbon to C\n                    <jats:sub>30<\/jats:sub>\n                    and C\n                    <jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub>\n                    carotenoid biosynthesis. PmoA phylogeny supported predominantly vertical inheritance of\n                    <jats:italic>pmoCAB<\/jats:italic>\n                    , whereas the patchy distribution and phylogenetic incongruence of MmoX indicated lineage-specific gain, loss, and possible horizontal transfer of sMMO-associated genes. Ancestral reconstruction further indicated that pMMO-dependent methane oxidation and carotenoid biosynthesis were evolutionarily conserved, whereas the sMMO system was shaped by more dynamic, lineage-specific evolutionary processes. Accordingly, the names\n                    <jats:italic>Methylomonas sediminis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. nov. (BW4-1\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u202f=\u202fKACC 24053\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u202f=\u202fMCCC 1K10705\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    ),\n                    <jats:italic>Methylomonas paludicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. nov. (SPW-1\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u202f=\u202fKACC 24052\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u202f=\u202fMCCC 1K10729\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), and\n                    <jats:italic>Methylomonas roseola<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. nov. (PHL2-19\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u202f=\u202fKACC 24054\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u202f=\u202fMCCC 1K10706\n                    <jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) are proposed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1954800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:39:03Z","timestamp":1790055543000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Methylomonassediminis sp. nov., Methylomonas paludicola sp. nov., and Methylomonas roseola sp. nov.: genomic insights into the evolution of methane oxidation and carotenoid biosynthesis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Byeong Jun","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Seung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui Seong","family":"Won","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Kyeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Gyu","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR)","place":["Incheon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoonyong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR)","place":["Incheon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moonsuk","family":"Hur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR)","place":["Incheon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Che Ok","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"006506","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.006506","article-title":"Methylomonas rivi sp. nov., Methylomonas rosea sp. nov., Methylomonas aurea sp. nov. and Methylomonas subterranea sp. nov., type I methane-oxidizing bacteria isolated from a freshwater creek and the deep terrestrial subsurface","volume":"74","author":"Abin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. 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