{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:55:00Z","timestamp":1791266100393,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Recent work has shown that\n                      <jats:italic>Eubacterium limosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      suppresses colorectal cancer (CRC), but the contribution and cellular actions of its short-chain fatty acids remain incompletely defined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We characterized\n                      <jats:italic>E. limosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      KGMB01548, a human gut isolate, and examined the antitumor activity of its cell-free culture supernatant (ElCFS).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ElCFS preferentially inhibited the proliferation of human HCT116 and murine CT26 CRC cells while having little effect on non-malignant CCD 841 CoN colonic cells. The activity persisted after heat and enzymatic treatments, and pH-dependent liquid\u2013liquid extraction indicated that a small organic acid was a major bioactive component. High-performance liquid chromatography detected 13.77 mM butyrate and 23.33 mM acetate in ElCFS. At approximately the concentration delivered by 10% ElCFS, sodium butyrate (NaB; 1.3 mM) produced comparable antiproliferative activity, whereas sodium acetate did not, supporting butyrate as a major candidate contributor to ElCFS activity. ElCFS and approximately concentration-matched NaB increased histone H3 acetylation, consistent with histone deacetylase inhibition, and induced apoptosis, as evidenced by PARP and caspase-3 cleavage and p53 phosphorylation. Their antiproliferative effects were markedly attenuated under glucose-depleted conditions. In a CT26 syngeneic tumor model, peritumoral administration of ElCFS reduced tumor growth, indicating that secreted\n                      <jats:italic>E. limosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      metabolites retained local antitumor activity outside the intestinal route. Oral pre-administration of live\n                      <jats:italic>E. limosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      also reduced subsequent tumor burden. Furthermore, 16S rRNA gene profiling suggested modest changes in several putative short-chain-fatty-acid-producing taxa and in PICRUSt2-predicted butyrate-biosynthesis potential, without a major change in alpha diversity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Together, these findings link\n                      <jats:italic>E. limosum<\/jats:italic>\n                      KGMB01548 to butyrate-associated histone acetylation, apoptosis, glucose-sensitive antiproliferative activity, and tumor suppression, supporting further investigation of this gut commensal and its secreted metabolites as microbiome-derived approaches for CRC control.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2026.1973432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:21:34Z","timestamp":1791264094000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Butyrate-associated antiproliferative and antitumor effects of Eubacterium limosum KGMB01548 in colorectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Seung Yeob","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","place":["Jeongeup, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Eun","family":"Bak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","place":["Jeongeup, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byeong Seob","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","place":["Jeongeup, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seoung Woo","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","place":["Jeongeup, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyebin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","place":["Jeongeup, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"University of Science and Technology (UST)","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Jin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","place":["Jeongeup, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"University of Science and Technology (UST)","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","place":["Jeongeup, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"University of Science and Technology (UST)","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Sun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","place":["Jeongeup, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Science, Sunchon National University","place":["Suncheon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju Huck","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","place":["Jeongeup, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"University of Science and Technology (UST)","place":["Daejeon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2021.11.005","article-title":"Gut microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids are potential mediators in gut inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Akhtar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim. 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