{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:31:45Z","timestamp":1759336305653,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Biosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Preclinical evidence suggests the potential of Ph<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, a toxin obtained from the venom of spider <jats:italic>Phoneutria nigriventer<\/jats:italic>, as a new analgesic drug. Molecular brain imaging techniques have afforded exciting opportunities to examine brain processes in clinical pain conditions. This paper aims to study the brain regions involved in the analgesic effects of Ph<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> compared with Morphine, in a model of acute pain induced by formalin in Sprague Dawley rats. We used <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose as a metabolic radiotracer to perform brain imaging of rats pretreated with Ph<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> or Morphine in a model of acute inflammatory pain caused by intraplantar injection of formalin. The rats\u2019 hind paw\u2019s formalin stimulation resulted in a brain metabolic increase at the bilateral motor cortex, visual cortex, somatosensory cortex, thalamus, and cingulate cortex.In rats treated with Ph<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, selective inhibition of unilateral motor cortex and cingulate cortex was observed. Morphine treatment leads to small and selective inhibition at the bilateral amygdala striatum and accumbens. Our results indicate that the analgesic effect of Ph<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and Morphine possesses a differential profile of central processing in the pain state.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.770471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T08:08:00Z","timestamp":1643962080000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mapping of Brain Activity in the Analgesia Induced by Ph\u03b11\u03b2 and Morphine"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Danuza Montijo","family":"Diniz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Malamut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina Rios","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea Vidal","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana Figueira","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta do Nascimento","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcia Helena","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco Aur\u00e9lio","family":"Romano Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus Vinicius","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9lio Jose","family":"Castro Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90156-j","article-title":"Mirror Pain' in the Formalin Test: Behavioral and 2-Deoxyglucose Studies","volume":"55","author":"Aloisi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6363","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.0307-07.2007","article-title":"Differential Role of N-Type Calcium Channel Splice Isoforms in Pain","volume":"27","author":"Altier","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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