{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T03:44:12Z","timestamp":1784951052765,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Biosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold> Ropivacaine is a popular local anesthetic used for regional anesthesia or for pain management. Although designed as an enantiomerically pure drug, an aspect that reduces the adverse effects, its toxicological effects are still a risk. As such, biomonitoring to assure appropriate dosage and bioavailability are essential to avoid complications during or post-surgery.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> The study focused on developing a sensitive, selective, and accurate liquid chromatography\u2014mass spectrometry (LCMS\/MS) method which facilitates the biomonitoring of ropivacaine and its main metabolite in plasma after regional anesthesia using ropivacaine.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results and Discussion:<\/jats:bold> The method was validated with regards to all relevant parameters, such as sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy, precision, and the effect of sample matrix. The method was successfully used in a pilot study, which included one patient undergoing plane block anesthesia for cardiac device implantation. The results showed the method is appropriate for its intended purpose and could even be used in other, similar applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1243103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T11:02:48Z","timestamp":1695898968000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["LC-MS\/MS assisted biomonitoring of ropivacaine and 3-OH-ropivacaine after plane block anesthesia for cardiac device implantation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Butiulca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenard","family":"Farczadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camil Eugen","family":"Vari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Imre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihai","family":"Pui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Lazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1972.tb00683.x","article-title":"Toxicological and local anaesthetic effects of optically active isomers of two local anaesthetic compounds","volume":"31","author":"Aberg","year":"1972","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. Scand."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.4103\/ijp.IJP_521_20","article-title":"Ropivacaine induced systemic toxicity in a patient with phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica","volume":"53","author":"Aditya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200203000-00046","article-title":"Bacterial growth in ropivacaine hydrochloride","volume":"94","author":"B\u00e1tai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"B4","volume-title":"Administration, F. A. D","year":"2018"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2023.123716","article-title":"LC-MS\/MS quantification of ropivacaine and local analgesic and adverse effects of Long-acting Ropivacaine Injection based on pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling in Bama minipigs","volume":"11","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200012000-00036","article-title":"The comparative toxicity of ropivacaine and bupivacaine at equipotent doses in rats","volume":"91","author":"Dony","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2010.10.020","article-title":"Development and validation of a LC method for the enantiomeric purity determination of S-ropivacaine in a pharmaceutical formulation using a recently commercialized cellulose-based chiral stationary phase and polar non-aqueous mobile phase","volume":"54","author":"Dossou","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"B8","first-page":"955","article-title":"Ropivacaine, a new amide-type local anesthetic agent, is metabolized by cytochromes P450 1A and 3A in human liver microsomes","volume":"24","author":"Ekstrom","year":"1996","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e3181bc8014","article-title":"High-performance liquid chromatography using UV detection for the simultaneous quantification of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in human plasma","author":"Gaudreault","year":"2009"},{"key":"B10","first-page":"1427","article-title":"Differences in cardiotoxicity of bupivacaine and ropivacaine are the result of physicochemical and stereoselective properties","author":"Graf","year":""},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjane.2021.09.012","article-title":"Perioperative costs of local or regional anesthesia versus general anesthesia in the outpatient setting: A systematic review of recent literature","author":"Graff","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJANE"},{"key":"B13","article-title":"Committee for medicinal products for human use","volume-title":"AGENCY, E. M. Committee for medicinal products for human use (EMEA\/CHMP\/EWP\/192217\/2009)","year":"2011"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1097\/aap.0b013e3181d246c3","article-title":"Treatment of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST)","volume":"35","author":"Guy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reg. Anesth. Pain Med."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.4.5.781","article-title":"Ropivacaine: A pharmacological review","volume":"4","author":"Hansen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000067404.84486.7a","article-title":"Ropivacaine 0.1% with sufentanil 1 microg\/mL inhibits in vitro growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and does not promote multiplication of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"97","author":"Kampe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"B17","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of unbound ropivacaine in rat bloood and brain using microdialysis","author":"Kau","year":"2001"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.049809","article-title":"Amide local anesthetics potently inhibit the human tandem pore domain background K+ channel TASK-2 (KCNK5)","volume":"306","author":"Kindler","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/78.5.507","article-title":"Central nervous and cardiovascular effects of i.v. infusions of ropivacaine, bupivacaine and placebo in volunteers","volume":"78","author":"Knudsen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-1298","article-title":"Validation according to European and American regulatory agencies guidelines of an LC-MS\/MS method for the quantification of free and total ropivacaine in human plasma","volume":"5","author":"Lamy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198912000-00008","article-title":"Disposition kinetics of ropivacaine in humans","volume":"69","author":"Lee","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"B22","first-page":"92","article-title":"Pharmacology, toxicology, and clinical use of new long acting local anesthetics, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine","volume":"79","author":"Leone","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Biomed."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2005.11.035","article-title":"Liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry determination of free and total concentrations of ropivacaine in human plasma","author":"Mathieu","year":"2006"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14040708","article-title":"Local anesthetic plasma concentrations as a valuable tool to confirm the diagnosis of local anesthetic systemic toxicity? A report of 10 Years of experience","volume":"14","author":"Riff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/76.2.300","article-title":"Ropivacaine","volume":"76","author":"Ropivacaine","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200565180-00013","article-title":"Ropivacaine: A review of its use in regional anaesthesia and acute pain management","volume":"65","author":"RopivacaineSimpson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.2220\/biomedres.30.319","article-title":"Evaluation of high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry method for pharmacokinetic study of local anesthetic ropivacaine in plasma","volume":"6","author":"Sawaki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomed. Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200565180-00013","article-title":"Ropivacaine: A review of its use in regional anaesthesia and acute pain management","volume":"65","author":"Simpson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2016.02.044","article-title":"Sensitive liquid chromatography\/tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of nine local anesthetic drugs","volume":"265","author":"Tonooka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int."},{"key":"B30","unstructured":"2023"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rapm.2006.06.007","article-title":"Combined lumbar-plexus and sciatic-nerve blocks: an analysis of plasma ropivacaine concentrations","volume":"31","author":"Vanterpool","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reg. Anesth. Pain Med."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2019.7838","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine in elderly patients receiving fascia iliaca compartment block","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32830c214c","article-title":"The toxicity of local anesthetics: the place of ropivacaine and levobupivacaine","volume":"21","author":"Zink","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Anaesthesiol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1243103\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T11:02:55Z","timestamp":1695898975000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1243103\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1243103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1243103","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-889X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-889X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]]},"article-number":"1243103"}}