{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T23:26:37Z","timestamp":1790033197675,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Biosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at an increased risk of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> (Mtb) infection and progressing from latent tuberculosis (TB) infection to active tuberculosis disease. TB in the DM population is more likely to go undiagnosed due to smear-negative results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exhaled breath samples were collected and analyzed using high-pressure photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. An eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was utilized for breathomics analysis and TB detection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>XGBoost model achieved a sensitivity of 88.5%, specificity of 100%, accuracy of 90.2%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 98.8%. The most significant feature across the entire set was m106, which demonstrated a sensitivity of 93%, specificity of 100%, and an AUC of 99.7%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The breathomics-based TB detection method utilizing m106 exhibited high sensitivity and specificity potentially beneficial for clinical TB screening and diagnosis in individuals with diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2024.1436135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T20:40:37Z","timestamp":1723754437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Breathomics for diagnosing tuberculosis in diabetes mellitus patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rong","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaodong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjie","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hailin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guizhen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinchun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guofang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenfei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0187967","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187967","article-title":"Association between diabetes mellitus and active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Al-Rifai","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3390\/arm91040024","article-title":"Volatile organic compound identification-based tuberculosis screening among TB suspects: a diagnostic accuracy study","volume":"91","author":"Badola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. 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