{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T00:49:59Z","timestamp":1793407799795,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Biosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Single-cell mitochondrial mass (SCMM), low mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP-Low) in lymphocytes, and circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can reflect mitochondrial impairment and may serve as potential novel biomarkers for SLE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the diagnostic utility of MMP-Low and SCMM in lymphocytes, as well as circulating mtDNA levels, in patients with SLE and examined their correlation with disease activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Flow cytometry was performed to detect MMP-Low and SCMM in peripheral lymphocytes from patients with SLE (n = 52) and healthy controls (HCs, n = 30). The level of circulating mtDNA was quantified using PCR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with SLE exhibited significantly decreased MMP-Low in some peripheral lymphocyte subsets. Meanwhile, significantly increased SCMM in some lymphocyte subsets and circulating mtDNA were observed in patients with SLE. CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T na\u00efve (Tn) cell MMP-Low, CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T effector memory cell MMP-Low, CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T central memory (Tcm) cell MMP-Low, and SCMM-CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tn cells demonstrated a moderate diagnostic value for SLE, with an area under the curve (AUC) above 0.8. Both CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tcm MMP-Low and SCMM-CD3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cells were significantly associated with the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) and circulating mtDNA levels. These markers also showed significant alternations between inactive and active SLE.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our data showed that patients with SLE exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction. Several MMP-Low and SCMM in CD8+T cell subsets could serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing SLE. Additionally, CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tcm MMP-Low and SCMM-CD3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T cells were associated with SLE disease activity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2025.1585847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T00:10:34Z","timestamp":1749168634000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial membrane potential of peripheral lymphocytes: promising biomarkers of systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Guanfei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haolong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutong","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongmei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yipei","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shasha","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongzhe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.24346","article-title":"Corrigendum: A reproducible, objective method using MitoTracker\u00ae fluorescent dyes to assess mitochondrial mass in T cells by flow cytometry","volume":"99","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cytometry Part A: the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1980","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22312-y","article-title":"Type I interferons affect the metabolic fitness of CD8(+) T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"12","author":"Buang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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