{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T06:20:14Z","timestamp":1773642014886,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Biosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits significant molecular heterogeneity and is associated with a poor prognosis. The lack of validated biomarkers limits early diagnosis and effective prognosis. Identifying oncogenic drivers in HCC may enhance risk stratification and provide new therapeutic targets. Recent evidence links disrupted cholesterol metabolism to hepatic oncogenesis, and a comprehensive profiling of cholesterol-related genes may help identify metabolic oncogenic signatures and prognostic biomarkers for HCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bioinformatic analyses were performed using public databases to assess differential expression and the prognostic significance of TUBB2A. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to identify key biological pathways associated with TUBB2A expression in HCC. These findings were validated through RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry on patient tissues. Functional studies included siRNA knockdown and plasmid overexpression in HCC cell lines, followed by assays for cellular proliferation, clonogenicity, migration, and invasion. Tumorigenicity was tested using xenograft models in nude mice. The prognostic value of TUBB2A was evaluated through survival curves and time-dependent ROC analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      TUBB2A was identified as a dysregulated and prognostically significant biomarker in HCC through bioinformatic analyses. Pathway analysis using databases like KEGG, GOBP, and Hallmark revealed significant enrichment of TUBB2A in pathways related to cholesterol metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and steroid biosynthesis. Experimental validation demonstrated that TUBB2A is overexpressed in HCC tissues and cell lines. Elevated TUBB2A expression correlated with higher AFP levels, microvascular invasion, advanced tumor stages, and poorer overall survival. Functional assays showed that knockdown of TUBB2A suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      tumorigenicity. Furthermore, TUBB2A was found to be associated with key regulators of cholesterol metabolism, including HMGCR, LDLR, SREBP2, and CYP7A1, suggesting its role in regulating cholesterol metabolic homeostasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TUBB2A plays a key role in promoting HCC tumorigenesis and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The integration of bioinformatic analyses and experimental validation establishes TUBB2A as a potential prognostic biomarker in HCC. Its role in regulating cholesterol metabolism suggests that TUBB2A may be a novel target for therapeutic interventions. Further studies should explore the clinical utility of TUBB2A, including its integration into multi-marker models and as a target for targeted therapy, offering potential avenues to improve HCC treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1778506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T05:22:49Z","timestamp":1773638569000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["TUBB2A expression and its prognostic significance in hepatocellular carcinoma revealed by cholesterol-metabolism-related gene profiling"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Shiwei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for College Students, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yatong","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for College Students, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengqi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for College Students, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for College Students, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lulu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for College Students, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for College Students, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for College Students, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for College Students, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruolin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation Center, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Honghai","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]},{"name":"Innovation and Entrepreneurship Laboratory for College Students, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2022.02.007","article-title":"Cancer chemotherapy and beyond: current status, drug candidates, associated risks and progress in targeted therapeutics","volume":"10","author":"Anand","year":"2023","journal-title":"Genes Dis."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101075","article-title":"Recurrence and tumor-related death after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with metabolic syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Berardi","year":"2024","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet-2019-106740","article-title":"Defining the phenotypical spectrum associated with variants in TUBB2A","volume":"58","author":"Brock","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-020-0739-5","article-title":"De novo mutations of TUBB2A cause infantile-onset epilepsy and developmental delay","volume":"65","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-023-01547-z","article-title":"Dysregulated cholesterol regulatory genes in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"28","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/jcmet.2025.11.010","article-title":"Bile acids regulate lipid metabolism through selective actions on fatty acid absorption","volume":"38","author":"Chan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.09.021","article-title":"Glucose-mediated N-glycosylation of SCAP is essential for SREBP-1 activation and tumor growth","volume":"28","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05306-y","article-title":"Taxol acts differently on different tubulin isotypes","volume":"6","author":"Chew","year":"2023","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4011","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.5c00145","article-title":"Effects of membrane cholesterol on the structure and function of selected class A GPCRs\u2500Challenges and future perspectives","volume":"64","author":"Christofidi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2025.1664953","article-title":"A mutational hotspot in TUBB2A associated with impaired heterodimer formation and severe brain developmental disorders","volume":"19","author":"Di Pasquale","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1540830","article-title":"Substantia nigra and blood gene signatures and biomarkers for Parkinson\u2019s disease from integrated multicenter microarray-based transcriptomic analyses","volume":"17","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1186\/s13000-014-0221-9","article-title":"Different approaches for interpretation and reporting of immunohistochemistry analysis results in the bone tissue\u2013a review","volume":"9","author":"Fedchenko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diagn. Pathol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01200-4","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinomas","volume":"399","author":"Forner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2209053119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2209053119","article-title":"Morphological growth dynamics, mechanical stability, and active microtubule mechanics underlying spindle self-organization","volume":"119","author":"Fukuyama","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1067353","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma and establishment of a clinical prognosis model","volume":"13","author":"Ge","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-1059","article-title":"Hallmarks of cancer: new dimensions","volume":"12","author":"Hanahan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"m4087","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m4087","article-title":"Mortality due to cancer treatment delay: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"371","author":"Hanna","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20803","article-title":"Gene expression profile of mouse prostate tumors reveals dysregulations in major biological processes and identifies potential murine targets for preclinical development of human prostate cancer therapy","volume":"68","author":"Haram","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1159\/000515304","article-title":"Disease burden, risk factors, and recent trends of liver cancer: a global country-level analysis","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Cancer"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623181","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1623181","article-title":"Microtubule organization is essential for maintaining cellular morphology and function","volume":"2022","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202106105","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202106105","article-title":"A live-cell marker to visualize the dynamics of stable microtubules throughout the cell cycle","volume":"222","author":"Jansen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2342-8-16","article-title":"Tumor volume in subcutaneous mouse xenografts measured by microCT is more accurate and reproducible than determined by 18F-FDG-microPET or external caliper","volume":"8","author":"Jensen","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Med. Imaging."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2011.03.016","article-title":"Tubuline, BRCA1, ERCC1, Abraxas, RAP80 mRNA expression, p53\/p21 immunohistochemistry and clinical outcome in patients with advanced non small-cell lung cancer receiving first-line platinum\u2013gemcitabine chemotherapy","volume":"74","author":"Joerger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6378","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.168","article-title":"Abrogating cholesterol esterification suppresses growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer","volume":"35","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-023-00880-2","article-title":"Identification of TUBB2A as a cancer-immunity cycle-related therapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"66","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1174621","article-title":"Lipid rafts as a membrane-organizing principle","volume":"327","author":"Lingwood","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00240-3","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Llovet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149026","DOI":"10.1016\/jijbiomac.2025.149026","article-title":"Integrated bioinformatics and in vitro validation reveal TUBB as a core gene and therapeutic target in NAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"334","author":"Luo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1038\/s41374-018-0057-0","article-title":"Principles and approaches for reproducible scoring of tissue stains in research","volume":"98","author":"Meyerholz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4735","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.15978","article-title":"\u03b2-Tubulin isoforms related to docetaxel sensitivity in 2D and 3D cultured TNBC cell lines","volume":"42","author":"Muguruma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6283","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33933-2","article-title":"The cholesterol transport protein GRAMD1C regulates autophagy initiation and mitochondrial bioenergetics","volume":"13","author":"Ng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2023.0070","article-title":"The latest global burden of liver cancer: a past and present threat","volume":"29","author":"Oh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Mol. Hepatol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e84791","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.84791","article-title":"Structural insight into the stabilization of microtubules by taxanes","volume":"12","author":"Prota","year":"2023","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2445525","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.45525","article-title":"Trends in hepatocellular carcinoma mortality rates in the US and projections through 2040","volume":"7","author":"Qiu","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.08.021","article-title":"Global burden of primary liver cancer in 2020 and predictions to 2040","volume":"77","author":"Rumgay","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1053\/jgastro.2023.02.043","article-title":"A therapeutically targetable TAZ-TEAD2 pathway drives the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma via ANLN and KIF23","volume":"164","author":"Saito","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddy096","article-title":"Defective kinesin binding of TUBB2A causes progressive spastic ataxia syndrome resembling sacsinopathy","volume":"27","author":"Sferra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-025-02047-3","article-title":"Spatial transcriptome analysis of myenteric plexus and intestinal epithelium of colon in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"13","author":"Shin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-023-00825-3","article-title":"Global trends in hepatocellular carcinoma epidemiology: implications for screening, prevention and therapy","volume":"20","author":"Singal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1538526","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2025.1538526","article-title":"IL-6\/GATA2\/SERPINE1 pathway is implicated in regulating cellular senescence after acute kidney injury","volume":"12","author":"Su","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2018.08.014","article-title":"Tubulin isotypes can regulate microtubule protofilament number and stability","volume":"47","author":"Ti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1730-1","article-title":"A view on drug resistance in cancer","volume":"575","author":"Vasan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2023.06.004","article-title":"Phase separation on microtubules: from droplet formation to cellular function?","volume":"34","author":"Volkov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biology"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.1002\/mog2.46","article-title":"Microtubule-targeting agents for cancer treatment: seven binding sites and three strategies","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"MedComm \u2013 Oncol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-023-05687-2","article-title":"TUBB2B facilitates progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating cholesterol metabolism through targeting HNF4A\/CYP27A1","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2455539","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2025.2455539","article-title":"Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-023-01079","article-title":"Functional significance of cholesterol metabolism in cancer: from threat to treatment","volume":"55","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3880","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15153880","article-title":"Advances in the early detection of hepatobiliary cancers","volume":"15","author":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1159\/000530495","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary liver cancer (2022 edition)","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Liver Cancer"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1778506\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T05:22:51Z","timestamp":1773638571000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1778506\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1778506"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1778506","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-889X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-889X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"article-number":"1778506"}}