{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T17:33:31Z","timestamp":1790530411035,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Biosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Prostate cancer (PCa) is prototypically immunologically \u201ccold\u201d, characterized by low tumor mutational burden, sparse CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cell infiltration, and resistance to immune checkpoint blockade. The tumor cell\u2013intrinsic programs driving immune evasion in this context remain incompletely defined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We integrated transcriptome-wide Mendelian randomization of PCa GWAS and eQTL data with multi-cohort bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and immune profiling to prioritize candidate genes. Focusing on PGAP3, we characterized its metabolic and immune correlates, and validated the effects of PGAP3 knockdown on proliferation, clonogenicity, and migration in C4-2 and DU145 cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PGAP3 was consistently prioritized as a risk gene and was selectively overexpressed in malignant epithelial subpopulations. PGAP3-high cells exhibited increased metabolic activity (biotin, aspartate\/asparagine, and sulfur metabolism), coinciding with reduced CXCL14, TNFSF13B, and TNFSF18 expression, lower CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cell infiltration, and higher immune-exclusion scores. Functionally, PGAP3 silencing significantly impaired proliferation, clonogenic growth, and migration\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our findings identify PGAP3 as a tumor-intrinsic gene associated with metabolic reprogramming and a CTL\/CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      -low immune contexture in PCa, supporting PGAP3 as a potential marker of the immune-cold tumor microenvironment and motivate future mechanistic studies in immunocompetent systems.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1791456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T05:35:30Z","timestamp":1773812130000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multi-omics integration identifies PGAP3 as a tumor-intrinsic factor associated with CD8+ T-cell exclusion in prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Weihao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University","place":["Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University)","place":["Haikou, Hainan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Hengyang Medical School, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huixiu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hengyang Medical School, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binhui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Hengyang Medical School, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiming","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yude","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Hengyang Medical School, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyang","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Institute of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Hengyang Medical School, University of South China","place":["Hengyang, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11632","article-title":"An integrated map of genetic variation from 1,092 human genomes","volume":"491","author":"Abecasis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2023.107688","article-title":"Defining the phenotype of PGAP3-congenital disorder of glycosylation; a review of 65 cases","volume":"140","author":"Altassan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Metab."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2009.175","article-title":"Contribution of bone microenvironment to leukemogenesis and leukemia progression","volume":"23","author":"Ayala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a041302","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a041302","article-title":"Mendelian randomization","volume":"12","author":"Birney","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15555.2","article-title":"Guidelines for performing Mendelian randomization investigations: update for summer 2023","volume":"4","author":"Burgess","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-021-00830-w","article-title":"Robust decomposition of cell type mixtures in spatial transcriptomics","volume":"40","author":"Cable","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-02219-0","article-title":"Prostate cancer-derived small extracellular vesicle proteins: the hope in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-018-0105-5","article-title":"GITRL on inflammatory antigen presenting cells in the lung parenchyma provides signal 4 for T-cell accumulation and tissue-resident memory T-cell formation","volume":"12","author":"Chu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e71","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv1507","article-title":"TCGAbiolinks: an R\/Bioconductor package for integrative analysis of TCGA data","volume":"44","author":"Colaprico","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1017\/pcm.2023.5","article-title":"Mendelian randomization as a tool to inform drug development using human genetics","volume":"1","author":"Daghlas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Camb Prism. Precis. Med."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R89","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu328","article-title":"Mendelian randomization: genetic anchors for causal inference in epidemiological studies","volume":"23","author":"Davey Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k601","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k601","article-title":"Reading Mendelian randomisation studies: a guide, glossary, and checklist for Clinicians","volume":"362","author":"Davies","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-1483","article-title":"Novel redirected T-Cell immunotherapies for advanced prostate cancer","volume":"28","author":"Dorff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2992","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.032617","article-title":"Mendelian randomization studies in stroke: exploration of risk factors and drug targets with human genetic data","volume":"52","author":"Georgakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.22380","article-title":"A robust two-sample transcriptome-wide Mendelian randomization method integrating GWAS with multi-tissue eQTL summary statistics","volume":"45","author":"Gleason","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genet. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2926","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6522","article-title":"Detecting pleiotropy in Mendelian randomisation studies with summary data and a continuous outcome","volume":"34","author":"Greco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz1776","article-title":"The GTEx consortium atlas of genetic regulatory effects across human tissues","volume":"369","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-23-1230","article-title":"Bispecific T-cell engagers in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"14","author":"Hage Chehade","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2023.154890","article-title":"High PGAP3 expression is associated with lymph node metastasis and low CD8(+)T cell in patients with HER2(+) breast cancer","volume":"251","author":"Hao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10149","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S274574","article-title":"The novel circular RNA Circ-PGAP3 promotes the proliferation and invasion of triple negative breast cancer by regulating the miR-330-3p\/Myc axis","volume":"13","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.34408","article-title":"The MR-Base platform supports systematic causal inference across the human phenome","volume":"7","author":"Hemani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36325-2","article-title":"Dissecting the immune suppressive human prostate tumor microenvironment via integrated single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses","volume":"14","author":"Hirz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21246-9","article-title":"Inference and analysis of cell-cell communication using CellChat","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-022-2218-x","article-title":"Cancer statistics in Chinese older people, 2022: current burden, time trends, and comparisons with the US, Japan, and the Republic of Korea","volume":"66","author":"Ju","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. China Life Sci."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1007\/s13577-021-00493-4","article-title":"The novel circular RNA circ-PGAP3 retards cervical cancer growth by regulating the miR-769-5p\/p53 axis","volume":"34","author":"Jun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Cell"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2898","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-2830","article-title":"CXCL14 promotes a robust brain tumor-associated immune response in glioma","volume":"28","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05473-8","article-title":"FinnGen provides genetic insights from a well-phenotyped isolated population","volume":"613","author":"Kurki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4913","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad736","article-title":"Mendelian randomization for cardiovascular diseases: principles and applications","volume":"44","author":"Larsson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e108","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-0307","article-title":"TIMER: a web server for comprehensive analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells","volume":"77","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2023.189033","article-title":"Targeting tumor and bone microenvironment: novel therapeutic opportunities for castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis","volume":"1879","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-022-08442-7","article-title":"Effects of glutamate and aspartate on prostate cancer and breast cancer: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"23","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4346","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-20-1353","article-title":"A transcriptome-wide association study identifies candidate susceptibility genes for pancreatic cancer risk","volume":"80","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgad069","article-title":"Splicing transcriptome-wide association study to identify splicing events for pancreatic cancer risk","volume":"44","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"B34","first-page":"11048","article-title":"TNFSF13B and PPARGC1A expression is associated with tumor-infiltrating immune cell abundance and prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e06-10-0885","article-title":"Fatty acid remodeling of GPI-anchored proteins is required for their raft association","volume":"18","author":"Maeda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14347","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241814347","article-title":"Emerging immunotherapy approaches for treating prostate cancer","volume":"24","author":"Meng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20387","article-title":"Activation of the orphan nuclear receptor RORalpha counteracts the proliferative effect of fatty acids on prostate cancer cells: crucial role of 5-lipoxygenase","volume":"112","author":"Moretti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2020.09.042","article-title":"EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-SIOG guidelines on prostate Cancer-2020 update. Part 1: screening, diagnosis, and local treatment with curative intent","volume":"79","author":"Mottet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. Urol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.12.116","article-title":"Enhanced response of T lymphocytes from Pgap3 knockout mouse: insight into roles of fatty acid remodeling of GPI anchored proteins","volume":"417","author":"Murakami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-019-1192-x","article-title":"Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A): a key phosphatase in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to lung cancer","volume":"20","author":"Nader","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280210394459","article-title":"Using multiple genetic variants as instrumental variables for modifiable risk factors","volume":"21","author":"Palmer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stat. Methods Med. Res."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2023.0272","article-title":"Height, autoimmune thyroid disease, and thyroid cancer: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"33","author":"Papadopoulou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3300","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-10936-0","article-title":"Mendelian randomization integrating GWAS and eQTL data reveals genetic determinants of complex and clinical traits","volume":"10","author":"Porcu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.03.048","article-title":"Transbilayer lipid interactions mediate nanoclustering of lipid-anchored proteins","volume":"161","author":"Raghupathy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0671-4","article-title":"HERA-GITRL activates T cells and promotes anti-tumor efficacy independent of Fc\u03b3R-binding functionality","volume":"7","author":"Richards","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82169-5","article-title":"Transcriptome-wide Mendelian randomization study prioritising novel tissue-dependent genes for glioma susceptibility","volume":"11","author":"Robinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2023","volume":"73","author":"Siegel","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.20517\/cdr.2023.48","article-title":"A review of strategies to overcome immune resistance in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer","volume":"6","author":"Sooi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Drug Resist."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA. Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105233","article-title":"Transcriptome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization in pancreatic cancer identifies susceptibility genes and causal relationships with type 2 diabetes and venous thromboembolism","volume":"106","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260419","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260419","article-title":"Proteomics. Tissue-based map of the human proteome","volume":"347","author":"Uhl\u00e9n","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a030627","article-title":"Immunotherapy for prostate cancer","volume":"9","author":"Venturini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00603","article-title":"The tumor immune contexture of prostate cancer","volume":"10","author":"Vitkin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00913-z","article-title":"Large-scale cis- and trans-eQTL analyses identify thousands of genetic loci and polygenic scores that regulate blood gene expression","volume":"53","author":"V\u00f5sa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03855-y","article-title":"Rare variant contribution to human disease in 281,104 UK Biobank exomes","volume":"597","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17828","article-title":"Contribution of PGAP3 co-amplified and co-overexpressed with ERBB2 at 17q12 involved poor prognosis in gastric cancer","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ircmb.2019.05.001","article-title":"Sulfur metabolism and its contribution to malignancy","volume":"347","author":"Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-21-0316","article-title":"Spatiotemporal immune landscape of colorectal cancer liver metastasis at single-cell level","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1160","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac677","article-title":"SUMMER: a Mendelian randomization interactive server to systematically evaluate the causal effects of risk factors and circulating biomarkers on pan-cancer survival","volume":"51","author":"Xin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e231","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.231","article-title":"TCellSI: a novel method for T cell state assessment and its applications in immune environment prediction","volume":"3","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Imeta"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabf6033","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abf6033","article-title":"A chemical biology approach reveals a dependency of glioblastoma on biotin distribution","volume":"7","author":"Yoon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3612","article-title":"Inferring tumour purity and stromal and immune cell admixture from expression data","volume":"4","author":"Yoshihara","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118","article-title":"clusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters","volume":"16","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Omics"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-024-01540-x","article-title":"Metabolism of asparagine in the physiological state and cancer","volume":"22","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-3002-1-16","article-title":"Linking vitamin B1 with cancer cell metabolism","volume":"1","author":"Zastre","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Metab."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13458","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713458","article-title":"Using mendelian randomization to study the role of iron in health and disease","volume":"24","author":"Zeitoun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108069","article-title":"Unsupervised inference of developmental directions for single cells using VECTOR","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3538","article-title":"Integration of summary data from GWAS and eQTL studies predicts complex trait gene targets","volume":"48","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1791456\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T05:35:31Z","timestamp":1773812131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1791456\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1791456"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1791456","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-889X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-889X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"article-number":"1791456"}}