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In this review, we integrate these emerging insights with foundational knowledge by outlining the biology of HSP70s, with particular emphasis on recent discoveries, such as new data on the substrate specificity and molecular dynamics of HSP70\u2013client interactions. In addition, increasing evidence highlights their noncanonical anti-inflammatory properties, as well as other nonimmune functions, including the promotion of adipose tissue browning and the enhancement of angiogenesis through extracellular HSP70 activity. Finally, although HSP70s have long been known to regulate mRNA degradation in a transcript-specific manner, new findings demonstrate their ability to bind double-stranded RNA, further broadening their functional repertoire.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1791536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:22:34Z","timestamp":1776918154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Recent insights into HSP70: proteostasis and beyond"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Kristina","family":"Pustovaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Anatomy and Histology Department, I. M. 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