{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:10:33Z","timestamp":1778217033199,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Mol. Biosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the diagnosis and short-term prognosis of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), there has been a persistent lack of effective biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate the expression characteristics of serum oxidized-low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), lectin-like-oxidized low-density-lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), and growth-differentiation-factor 15 (GDF-15) in elderly ACS patients and assess their short-term prognostic value.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>161 elderly patients with ACS and 66 elderly patients with non-ACS were enrolled. Subgroup classification included the ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), unstable-angina-pectoris (UAP) and NSTEMI. Serum ox-LDL, LOX-1 and GDF-15 were evaluated via ELISA assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic value. The prognosis of ACS patients was determined by Major-Adverse-Cardiovascular-Events (MACE) as the outcome. The short-term prognosis value of 3 serum biomarkers was evaluated using multivariate logistic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ox-LDL, LOX-1, and GDF-15 levels in serum were significantly higher in elderly patients with ACS (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). The ROC analysis results showed that GDF-15 (AUC = 0.884) had high accuracy in diagnosing elderly patients with ACS. In subgroup analysis, serum levels of ox-LDL (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001) and LOX-1 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05) were significantly lower in the UAP group than in the STEMI and NSTEMI groups. The APACHE II score (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.005) and GDF-15 level (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001) were significantly higher in the MACE group. Multivariate logistic analyses further demonstrated that GDF-15 was an independent predictor of MACE in elderly ACS patients (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.011).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High serum GDF-15 levels are significantly associated with the presence of ACS and, in ACS patients, are significantly higher in those who do develop MACE. Serum GDF-15 can serve as an independent predictor of short-term MACE risk in elderly patients with ACS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2026.1811738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T04:32:12Z","timestamp":1778214732000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnostic and short-term prognosis value of serum ox-LDL\/LOX-1 and GDF-15 in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jinlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang First People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Xinxiang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengzhen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueliang","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, The Heart Center of Henan Provincial","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengxia","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanxiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Facai","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Zhengzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.26442\/20751753.2024.10.202945","article-title":"LOX-1 as a biological marker and therapeutic target in cardiovascular pathology (literature review)","volume":"26","author":"Alieva","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cons. 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